University of Toronto
The University of Toronto (UToronto or U of T) is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, located on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as '''King's College''', the first institution of higher learning in Upper Canada. Originally controlled by the Church of England, the university assumed its present name in 1850 upon becoming a secular institution. As a collegiate university, it comprises 11 colleges each with substantial autonomy on financial and institutional affairs and significant differences in character and history. The university maintains three campuses, the oldest of which is St. George, located in downtown Toronto. The other two satellite campuses are located in Scarborough and Mississauga.The University of Toronto offers over 700 undergraduate and 200 graduate programs. The university receives the most annual scientific research funding and endowment of any Canadian university. It is also one of two members of the Association of American Universities outside the United States, alongside McGill University. Academically, the University of Toronto is noted for influential movements and curricula in literary criticism and communication theory, known collectively as the Toronto School.
The university was the birthplace of insulin, stem cell research, the first artificial cardiac pacemaker, and the site of the first successful lung transplant and nerve transplant. The university was also home to the first electron microscope, the development of deep learning, neural network, multi-touch technology, the identification of the first black hole Cygnus X-1, and the development of the theory of NP-completeness. The University of Toronto is the recipient of both the single largest philanthropic gift in Canadian history, a $250 million donation from James and Louise Temerty in 2020, and the largest ever research grant in Canada, a $200 million grant from the Government of Canada in 2023.
The Varsity Blues are the athletic teams that represent the university in intercollegiate league matches, primarily within U Sports, with ties to gridiron football, rowing and ice hockey. The earliest recorded instance of gridiron football occurred at University of Toronto's University College in November 1861. The university's Hart House is an early example of the North American student centre, simultaneously serving cultural, intellectual, and recreational interests within its large Gothic-revival complex.
University of Toronto alumni include five Prime Ministers of Canada (including William Lyon Mackenzie King and Lester B. Pearson), three Governors General of Canada, nine foreign leaders, and 17 justices of the Supreme Court of Canada. , 12 Nobel laureates, six Turing Award winners, 100 Rhodes Scholars, and one Fields Medalist have been affiliated with the university. Provided by Wikipedia
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by D. Songsaeng, S. Geibprasert, R. Willinsky, M. Tymianski, K. G. Terbrugge, T. Krings
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by Kathleen I. Pritchard, Howard A. Burris, Yoshinori Ito, Hope S. Rugo, Shaker Dakhil, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Mario Campone, Tibor Csöszi, José Baselga, Puttisak Puttawibul, Martine Piccart, Daniel Heng, Shinzaburo Noguchi, Vichien Srimuninnimit, Hugues Bourgeois, Antonio Gonzalez Martin, Karen Osborne, Ashok Panneerselvam, Tetiana Taran, Tarek Sahmoud, Michael Gnant
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by Younghoon Kim, Emre Yassitepe, Oleksandr Voznyy, Riccardo Comin, Grant Walters, Xiwen Gong, Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos, Ana F. Nogueira, Edward H. Sargent
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by Kerry J. Schulze, Alison D. Gernand, Afreen Zaman Khan, Lee S.F. Wu, Sucheta Mehra, Saijuddin Shaikh, Hasmot Ali, Abu Ahmed Shamim, Pongtorn Sungpuag, Emorn Udomkesmalee, Alain B. Labrique, Keith P. West, Parul Christian
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by Saranya Kittanakom, Emmanuelle Cordat, Varaporn Akkarapatumwong, Pa Thai Yenchitsomanus, Reinhart A F Reithmeier
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by Pempa, Alia Cynthia G. Luz, Nantasit Luangasanatip, Pritaporn Kingkaew, Deepika Adhikari, Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai, Dechen Choiphel, Clint Pecenka, Frédéric Debellut
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by Kevin C. Kain, Dennis E. Kyle, Chansuda Wongsrichanalai, Arthur E. Brown, H. Kyle Webster, S. Vanijanonta, Sornchai Looareesuwan
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by Jonathon Torchia, Brian Golbourn, Shengrui Feng, King Ching Ho, Patrick Sin-Chan, Alexandre Vasiljevic, Joseph D. Norman, Paul Guilhamon, Livia Garzia, Natalia R. Agamez, Mei Lu, Tiffany S. Chan, Daniel Picard, Pasqualino de Antonellis, Dong Anh Khuong-Quang, Aline C. Planello, Constanze Zeller, Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy, Lucie Lafay-Cousin, Louis Letourneau, Mathieu Bourgey, Man Yu, Deena M.A. Gendoo, Misko Dzamba, Mark Barszczyk, Tiago Medina, Alexandra N. Riemenschneider, A. Sorana Morrissy, Young Shin Ra, Vijay Ramaswamy, Marc Remke, Christopher P. Dunham, Stephen Yip, Ho keung Ng, Jian Qiang Lu, Vivek Mehta, Steffen Albrecht, Jose Pimentel, Jennifer A. Chan, Gino R. Somers, Claudia C. Faria, Lucia Roque, Maryam Fouladi, Lindsey M. Hoffman, Andrew S. Moore, Yin Wang, Seung Ah Choi, Jordan R. Hansford, Daniel Catchpoole, Diane K. Birks, Nicholas K. Foreman, Doug Strother, Almos Klekner, Laszló Bognár, Miklós Garami, Péter Hauser, Tibor Hortobágyi, Beverly Wilson, Juliette Hukin, Anne Sophie Carret, Timothy E. Van Meter, Eugene I. Hwang, Amar Gajjar, Shih Hwa Chiou, Hideo Nakamura, Helen Toledano, Iris Fried, Daniel Fults, Takafumi Wataya, Chris Fryer, David D. Eisenstat, Katrin Scheinemann, Adam J. Fleming, Donna L. Johnston, Jean Michaud
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by Ying Liu, Ravi Retnakaran, Anthony Hanley, Rungsunn Tungtrongchitr, Collin Shaw, Gary Sweeney
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by Xinzheng Lan, Oleksandr Voznyy, Amirreza Kiani, F. Pelayo García De Arquer, Abdullah Saud Abbas, Gi Hwan Kim, Mengxia Liu, Zhenyu Yang, Grant Walters, Jixian Xu, Mingjian Yuan, Zhijun Ning, Fengjia Fan, Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos, Illan Kramer, David Zhitomirsky, Philip Lee, Alexander Perelgut, Sjoerd Hoogland, Edward H. Sargent
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by Emmanuelle Cordat, Saranya Kittanakom, Pa Thai Yenchitsomanus, Jing Li, Kai Du, Gergely L. Lukacs, Reinhart A F Reithmeier
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by Mingjian Yuan, Li Na Quan, Riccardo Comin, Grant Walters, Randy Sabatini, Oleksandr Voznyy, Sjoerd Hoogland, Yongbiao Zhao, Eric M. Beauregard, Pongsakorn Kanjanaboos, Zhenghong Lu, Dong Ha Kim, Edward H. Sargent
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by Saranya Kittanakom, Thitima Keskanokwong, Varaporn Akkarapatumwong, Pa Thai Yenchitsomanus, Reinhart A.F. Reithmeier
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