A case-control study on association of perceived stress score and quality of sleep between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and healthy adults

• Main Authors: Baharudin, Mohamad Sharul Fahmi, May, Khin Soe, Qasim Jamshed, Shazia, Abdul Rahim, Roslina, Zainudin, Engku Nur Aisha Huda, Win, Theingi, Fauzee Andylim, Niza faziasyida, Mohd Mansor, Mohamad Amin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: CR Subscription journal 2020
• Subjects: RA644.3 Chronic and Noninfectious Diseases and Public Health; RA790 Mental Health. Mental Illness Prevention
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/93407/19/93407_A%20case-control%20study%20on%20association.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/93407/; https://crsubscription.com/journals/pharmacy/pharmacy-practice/articles/2020/A%20CASE%20CONTROL%20STUDY%20ON%20ASSOCIATION%20OF%20PERCEIVED%20STRESS%20SCORE.pdf
• Institution: Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a major worldwide cause of morbidity and mortality is mainly due to lifestyle factors and genetics. Physical and psychological stresses contribute to the development of hyperglycemia in the setting of T2DM. Sleep is essential for life. Glucose metabolism can be affected adversely by poor quantity of sleep. Excessive stress and sleep disturbances are the major barrier to effective glucose control and a danger to diabetic control. Thus, our study focused on the correlation between stress and sleep that are related to the progression of disease in cases and controls. The main objective of the present study is to compare the perceived stress score (PSS) and quality of sleep between T2DM patients attending in Hospital Pekan, Pahang with healthy adults. A case control study was conducted at Diabetes Clinic in Pekan hospital. The Malay validation of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire were prepared and contributed to volunteer subjects. Total volunteer participants 208 adults with ages ranged from 30- 70 years both genders were recruited; 104 had T2DM and 104 were healthy subjects. Descriptive analysis was done to compare two parameters by using SPSS version 21. T2DM participants reported a higher PSS (48.93±2.92) with maximum PSS of 56.00 compared to healthy adults (28.51 ± 4.28) with maximum PSS of 41.00. Objectively measured in sleep quality was reflected by PSQI global scores in which T2DM experienced worsen sleep deprivation (7.31±2.02) in contrast with healthy adults (4.40±2.58). Both populations also had significant association of PSQI global and PSS factor scores (p<0.05). The study indicated that T2DM patients have poorer psychological wellbeing contrasting with control. Findings of this research suggested that patients with T2DM have poorer psychological well-being (high PSS) and poorer quality of sleep contrasting with normal healthy persons (p< 0.005). Nobel finding of this study were evident in this sample size, these variables warrant further study.