Ardisia crispa roots inhibit cyclooxygenase and suppress angiogenesis

• Main Authors: Awang Hamsin, Dayang Erna Zulaikha, Abd Hamid @ Abdul Razak, Roslida, Saiful Yazan, Latifah, Mat Taib, Che Norma, Yeong, Looi Ting
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BioMed Central 2014
• Online Access: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/36532/1/Ardisia%20crispa%20roots%20inhibit%20cyclooxygenase%20and%20suppress%20angiogenesis.pdf; http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/36532/; http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/14/102/abstract
• Institution: Universiti Putra Malaysia

Background: In our previous studies conducted on Ardisia crispa roots, it was shown that Ardisia crispa root inhibited inflammation-induced angiogenesis in vivo. The present study was conducted to identify whether the anti-angiogenic properties of Ardisia crispa roots was partly due to either cyclooxygenase (COX) or/and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity inhibition in separate in vitro studies. Methods: Benzoquinonoid fraction (BQ) was isolated from hexane extract by column chromatography, and later analyzed by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Anti-angiogenic effect was studied on mouse sponge implantation assay. Ardisia crispa ethanolic rich fraction (ACRH), quinone-rich fraction (QRF) and BQ were screened for COX assay to evaluate their selectivity towards two isoforms (COX-1 and COX-2), The experiment on soy lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory assay was also performed to determine the inhibitory effect of ACRH, QRF and BQ on soy LOX. Results: BQ was confirmed to consist of 2-methoxy-6-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone, when compared with previous data. Antiangiogenesis study exhibited a reduction of mean vascular density (MVD) in both ACRH and QRF, compared to control. In vitro study showed that both ACRH and QRF inhibited both COX-1 and COX-2, despite COX-2 inhibition being slightly higher than COX-1 in BQ. On the other hand, both ACRH and QRF were shown to have poor LOX inhibitory activity, but not BQ. Conclusions: In conclusion, ACRH and QRF might possibly exhibit its anti-angiogenic effect by inhibiting cyclooxygenase. However, both of them were shown to possess poor LOX inhibitory activity. On the other hand, BQ displayed selectivity to COX-2 inhibitory property as well as LOX inhibitory effect.