Neuroticism Is Associated with Chronic Severe Pain among Ex-Opioid Users on Methadone Maintenance Therapy
Introduction: Among ex-opioid users on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT), the prevalence of chronic severe pain (CSP) was reported as 37-48.2%. The CSP causes distress, adversely affects quality of life, addiction treatment outcome and exacerbates patients ambivalence towards MMT. Neuroticism pe...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Japan International Cultural Exchange Foundation
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/45294/1/15-Koh.pdf http://eprints.usm.my/45294/ http://www.seronjihou.co.jp/IMJ/backnumber-IMJ.html |
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| Institution: | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| Language: | English |
| Summary: | Introduction: Among ex-opioid users on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT), the prevalence of chronic severe pain
(CSP) was reported as 37-48.2%. The CSP causes distress, adversely affects quality of life, addiction treatment outcome and
exacerbates patients ambivalence towards MMT. Neuroticism personality trait is associated with CSP, but the similar association
has yet to be explored in ex-opioid users on MMT.
Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence of CSP among ex-opioid users on MMT, and to examine whether
neuroticism is significantly associated with CSP.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, validated Malay version of big five inventory (BFI), brief pain inventory (BPI), Beck's
depression inventory (BDI), and Beck's anxiety inventory (BAI) were utilized for measurement of neuroticism, pain, depression
and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Subjects were recruited from two MMT centres in Alor Star, Malaysia.
Results: A total of 151 subjects were recruited, consisting of 104 from Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Alor Setar, and 47 from
Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah. The prevalence of CSP, regular use of over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics and kratom product were
22.5%, 28.5%, and 40.4%, respectively. Using multiple logistic regression analyses, neuroticism score (p < 0.001), BAI score (p =
0.012) and regular OTC analgesic use (p = 0.016) were found to be statistically significant in association with CSP, with adjusted
odds ratio of 1.60 (95% CI 1.27, 2.12), 1.44 (95% CI 1.08, 1.93), and 3.56 (95% CI 1.27, 10.01), respectively.
Conclusion: Neuroticism, anxiety and regular use of OTC analgesics were independently associated with CSP among ex-opioid
users on MMT. Otherwise, no significant association was observed for depression, HIV status, regular use of kratom, and
other socio-demographic or clinical characteristics. |
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