Association of interleukin gene polymorphism and clinical variables with external apical root resorption after initial stage of orthodontic treatment among Malay population
Orthodontic treatment brings numerous benefits and in most cases, the benefits outweigh the possible disadvantages. External apical root resorption (EARR) is a common adverse phenomenon associated with orthodontic treatment. It can be caused by some mechanical factors such as heavy retraction for...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.usm.my/49292/1/SHIFAT%20A%20NOWRIN-FINAL%20THESIS%20P-SGD000117%28R%29%20PWD_unlocked-24%20pages.pdf http://eprints.usm.my/49292/ |
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| Institution: | Universiti Sains Malaysia |
| Language: | English |
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