从关联理论看英式幽默字幕翻译 ：以英剧《神探夏洛克》为例 = An analysis of translation for British humour subtitles from the perspective of relevance theory : a case study of BBC’s Sherlock Holmes

• Main Author: 倪玮忆 Gunawan, Arabella
• Other Authors: Arista Kuo
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: Chinese
• Published: Nanyang Technological University 2020
• Subjects: Humanities::Language::Chinese
• Online Access: https://hdl.handle.net/10356/137361
• Institution: Nanyang Technological University

不同区域的语言和文化之间因受地域环境和生活习俗的影响而存在着巨大的差异。在任何国家，无论使用何种语言，幽默语所表现的语言特征及文化元素都尤为突出。由于幽默语带有特别强烈的语言与文化特征，所以幽默语翻译并不总是能达到最理想的效果。鉴于其翻译难度，幽默翻译成为字幕翻译中常受关注的一大议题。近几年来，从关联理论的角度研究并阐释幽默及汉译过程的现象逐渐增加。 关联理论是“明示—推理模式” （Ostensive-inferential Model）的语言交际理论。在关联理论的视角下，译者会根据原文的意图和观众的期待及推理能力进行取舍，并采用适当的翻译策略，完整地再现源语幽默效果及文化特色。英式幽默又被称为“冷幽默”或“黑色幽默”。这类幽默语有其独特的地域风情及色彩。 本论文会以英剧BBC《神探夏洛克》（Sherlock）中的幽默话语为素材。当中的幽默话语分为三类——语言幽默、文化幽默及普遍幽默。本论文会根据厄恩斯特·奥古斯特·格特（简称格特）（Ernst-August Gutt）所提出的关联翻译理论和直接与间接翻译策略来分析如何取得最佳幽默效果。 Living environments and the uphold traditions play a part in shaping a country’s culture and language, which creates a wide variety of different cultures and languages in the world. Different countries have their unique blend of humour. Humour, conveyed by its own country’s language, has strong linguistic and cultural characteristics. These strong characteristics of humour result in the difficulty to retain the exact humorous effect in the target language. Accordingly, humour translation has been an ongoing issue in the subtitling translation field, with many scholars attempting to search for solutions. In recent years, there is an increase in the research of humour translation from the perspective of Relevance Theory. Relevance Theory is the language communication theory of the "Ostensive-inferential Model". Following the Relevance Theory, translators make trade-offs based on the intent of the original text and the expectations and inferential ability of the audience. Translators then adopt appropriate translation strategies to completely reproduce both the humorous effect and cultural characteristics of the source language. This project is based on a case study of the British drama BBC Sherlock. British humour, with its cultural characteristics, has a reputation for being "dry" and "dark". Humour is classified under three categories: language humour, cultural humour and universal humour. This essay will analyse how to achieve the best possible humorous effects in these three categories based on the direct and indirect translation strategies proposed by Ernst-August Gutt.