Effects of neem bark extract on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudomonas solanacearum, the growth and production of tomatoes.

• Main Author: GINANJAR ARIP (NIM 20694515), ASEP
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/10034
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Effects of neem bark extract on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudomonas solanacearum, the growth and production of tomatoes have been studied. Fusarium oxysporum was inoculated on PDA medium mixed with extract (concentration 100%) and on PDA only (as control). After incubated 5x24 hours, diameter coloni of F. oxysporum was measured. Paper disc with extract was laid on Pseudomonas solanacearum cultured on NA medium. The concentration of hexane and methylchloride extract for boassays of bacteri, percentage of seed germination and growth of radicle were 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and control (0%), while those of methanol extract were 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and control (0%). Diameter inhibition of bacteria measured after 1x24 hours incubation. Percentage of seeds germination were counted after 3x24 hours incubation. Growth of radicle in extract was measured after 3x24 hours incubation. Tomato plants treated with extract at 5 weeks age after planting and at 9 weeks age after planting. The concentration of hexane and methylchloride extracts were 4% and methanol extract was 12%. Bioassays of neem bark extracts on the growth of Fusarium oxysporum showed no effect though concentration of extract was 100%, and were not significantly different (p<0,05) compared to control. The growth of Pseudomonas solanacearum was inhibited by neem extracts and significantly different (p<0,05) compared to control, methylchloride and hexane inhibited the growth of bacteria starting at concentration 1%, whereas the methanol extract inhibited starting at 3%. Three kinds of extracts inhibited the germination of tomato seeds up to 100%. Three kinds of extracts also inhibited radicle growth of tomato seeds, while the hexane extract 1% was not significantly different (p<0,05) compared to control. The growth parameters of the tomato that were sum of leaflets, plant height and chlorophyll content, all treatments were not significantly different compared to control on the same week after treatment. The production parameters of tomato that were the first time of flowering, the first time of fruiting, the weight of fruit per plant and the sum of fruit per plant, all treatments were not significantly different compared to control on the same week after treatment. <br />