ARTEMISININ AND VOLATILE OIL ISOLATION FROM ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. LEAVES

• Main Author: BR GINTING (NIM 10704111), ERANIKA
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/10350
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae) leaves contain a main secondary metabolite, i.e., artemisinin which has antimalarial activity and volatile oil which has aroma therapeutic and antimicrobial activities. This experiment, therefore, is aimed to isolate the artemisinin and volatile oil as its by product. Two extraction methods were used i.e. macerationpercolation using ethanol and reflux using ethanol. Water was added into the ethanol extract and the mixture was centrifuged. The supernatant was fractionated with hexane. Crystal produced from concentrated hexane fraction was recrystallized in methanol. The crystal of artemisinin obtained by maceration-percolation using ethanol was 0.16%, while that by reflux was 0.08%. Water distillation was used to isolate its volatile oil. The volatile oil obtained from the crude drug was 0.35% (v/w), while from the fresh leaves was 0.20% (v/w). GC-MS analyses showed that the volatile oil from crude drug contained 14 components, while from fresh leaves 20 components. Aqueous extract taken from the residue of volatile oil distillation was fractionated with hexane and vaporized to obtain artemisinin. Artemisinin isolated from aqueous of volatile oil distillation of crude drug was 0.03%, while that from fresh leaves was 0.02%. <br />