PLASMA INSULIN AND BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AFTER TREATED WITH NEEM (Azadirachta indica A. JUSS) LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT IN DIABETIC-INDUCED MALE MICE (Mus musculus L.)

• Main Author: M. TIBRANI (NIM 20605022), MASAGUS
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/13636
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify">Diabetic is a chronic disorder characterized with high blood glucose levels caused by the lack of insulin production or capability to use the insulin. In Indonesia, DM is a fifth death cause and DM effort to cure DM is expensive. Therefore, DM patients in Indonesia usually look for alternative medication such as jamu which can be used as anti-diabetic. One of the potential medicinal plant to decrease blood glucose levels in diabetic patient is neem (Azadiractha indica A.Juss). However, there is no investigation regarding to the effect aqueous extracts of neem leaf to insulin hormone which play an important role in decreasing of blood glucose levels. The aims of this research is to investigate the effect of the neem aqueous extracts and to find the effective dosage that increases body weight and the plasma insulin levels as well as decreases the blood glucose levels in diabetic male mice. <p align="justify"><p>Male mice are divided into two control groups ( blank control or diabetic without treatment and medicine control or diabetic with metformin 195 mg/kg body weight) and diabetic groups treated with three dosage of neem leaf aqueous extract (65 mg/kg body weight (P1), 159 mg/kg body weight (P2), and 390 mg/kg body weight (P3)). The blood samples were taken for blood glucose level, body weight, and plasma insulin level before the mice were diabetic-induced. The blood samples were measured after the male mice were fasted for approximately 18 hours. Plasma insulin level was measured two hours after feeding. Male mice were diabetic-induced by alloxan 70 mg/kg body weight intravenously. The blood samples from diabetic male mice were taken again for measuring blood glucose level, body weight, and plasma insulin level. After treated with metformin and neem leaf aqueous extracts for one month, the blood glucose levels, body weight, and plasma insulin levels diabetic-induced male mice were measured for all groups.<p align="justify"><p>The results showed that neem leaf aqueous extracts (P1, P2, P3) decreased the levels of blood glucose, and tended to increase body weight and plasma insulin levels. Comparison of average blood glucose level, body weight and insulin plasma level among dosage groups of aqueous extract of neem's leaf and group of medication control, showed that P3 dosage (neem 390 mg/kg body weight) is the most effective to decrease blood glucose level and tend to be effective to increase body weight and insulin plasma level. It is suggested that the active compound of neem leaf aqueous extract plays a role as antioxidant that could inhibit and decrease alloxan-formed free radicals and increased insulin receptor sensitivity. The increase of insulin receptor sensitivity could cause glucose bind to glucoreceptor, uptook and metabolize by cells.<p align="justify"><p>In conclusion, neem leaf aqueous extract decreased blood glucose level, and tended to increase body weight and insulin plasma level in diabetic-induced male mice, with P3 is the most effective dosage. <br />