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<p>PT Pupuk Kujang has modified the internal of ammonia reactor in 1994 by changing gas flow direction from only axial flow to axial-radial flow. This modification resulted in the decrease of pressure drop through catalytic bed, so that it could use smaller size catalyst. From process performa...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/13938 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | <p>PT Pupuk Kujang has modified the internal of ammonia reactor in 1994 by changing gas flow direction from only axial flow to axial-radial flow. This modification resulted in the decrease of pressure drop through catalytic bed, so that it could use smaller size catalyst. From process performance consideration, the aim of this modification was to increase conversion of ammonia synthesis reaction.<p>In the later operation, production rate and ammonia conversion could not achieve the targeted values. The average ammonia concentration in product gas was only 13,3 %, smaller compared to that achieved during performance test (14,4 %). To achieve targeted production rate of 1200 MTPD, ammonia synthesis loop had to operate at higher circulation gas flow, higher loop pressure and lower inert concentration.<p>Main activity of this study was modelling and simulation using Hysys software. This study concluded that the main causes of the decrease in ammonia conversion were: (1). Insufficient quench causing bed 2, 3 and 4 operated at high-level temperatures, (2). Feed gas flow leakage in heat exchanger 122 C.<p>This study showed that repairing/replacing heat exchanger 122 C could re-establish ammonia converter performance as found in performance test condition. This study also showed that the targeted conversion and production rate as design could be achieved if this repair/replacement is done in parallel to the modification of quench distributor hole size. |
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