THE EFFECT OF USING PECTIN AND Mg2+ AS ELICITORS TO ARTEMISININ CONCENTRATION IN CALLUS CULTURES OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L.

• Main Author: KHOIRUN NISA (NIM 10704019); Pembimbing: Dr. Elfahmi dan Dr. Komar Ruslan, DINI
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/14129
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Artemisinin is a choice of antimalarial which has been recommended by WHO. The case of Plasmodium-resistant antimalarial has increased a need for artemisinin, while the production of artemisinin from Artemisia annua L. is still low in yield. The aim of this study is to enhance the production of artemisinin from callus cultures of A. annua using pectin and Mg2+ as elicitors. Young leaf explants of A. annua were grown in callus initiation medium containing MS solid medium supplemented with 2 mg/L NAA and 0,5 mg/L BAP. Callus were subcultured every 3-4 weeks into fresh solid medium. Elicitation were done after three time subculture using pectin 100 mg/L and MgSO4.7H2O with concentration 5 and 10 times higher than normal concentration. Callus were macerated using methanol, then extracted by liquid-liquid extraction methods using n-heksan. N-heksan was used to extract sesquiterpen lakton artemisinin. Extracts were checked by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using toluene:acetone (19:1) as eluent. Profiles of chromatogram were visualized using vanillin sulfat as spray reagent. Artemisinin content was measured using spectrodensitometer. Artemisinin content could not be enhanced using callus culture of A. annua when compared to original plant. Ehancement of compound was found in the second band of standard which was supposed to be an artemisinin derivative. The enhancement was happened on day 15 after elicitation with pectin and Mg2+. It can be concluded that using pectin and magnesium as elicitors could not enhance the production of artemisinin from callus culture of A. annua, but enhanced the production of compound which was supposed as a derivative of artemisinin.