PENGARUH RETRIBUSI KEMACETAN TERHADAP KINERJA

• Main Author: Wilmar, Tony
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/1541
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

THE INFLUENCE OF CONGESTION CHARGING UPON ROAD NETWORK PERFORMANCE by : Tony Wilmar, Transportation Engineering, Post Graduate Program of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technology Bandung, 1998. Congestion charging is one way to control behaviour of road users in choosing their routes. Theoretically, this would reduce number of vehicles passing through a road on which charge is implemented, as some vehicles will divert to alternative routes. The objective of this thesis is to examine road network performance when various congestion charges are introduced. In the examination of two-links network consisting bypass and city centre road, applying optimal charge on city centre road reduce total travel cost from 12.1 pcu-hr/hr in user equilibrium condition to 10.6 pcu-hr/hr in system optimum. This gives benefit about 12 %. The volume capacity ratio (VCR) on city centre road change from 1.2 to 1, and on bypass from 0.2 to 0.3. This shows that there are users moving from city centre road to bypass road. In the examination of simple network consisting city centre road network, ring and radial road network, it was found that the total costs under UE and SO condition are 1414.3 pcu-hr/hr and 905.2 pcu-hr/hr respectively, which gives benefit 36 %. Introducing point-based charging on radial road reduce total cost by 21 %, whereas area based charging applied on city centre road reduce total cost by 9 % pcu-hr/hr. Moreover, implementing point-based charging it was found that VCR on the city centre road, inner radial, outer radial and inner ring road are all decreased, whereas VCR of outer ring road is increased. With area-based charging method VCR on the city centre, inner radial and outer radial are decreased, but VCR of outer ring road and inner ring road are increased. In the examination using Bandung network, it was found that the difference in total cost between UE and SO is 8.3 %, in other words, there has a chance to increase network efficiency by 8.3 %, if network is optimally controlled. Implementing point-based and area-based charging causes total cost increase beyond the UE level, it means point-based and area-based charging give negative results to the system. Travel time on the city centre , however, decrease if area-based charging is implemented. Finally, it is expected that implementing congestion charge would ease congestion and reduce total cost, apart from revenue gained. However, the magnitude of efficiency gained is primarily depending on the road network characteristic and the level of trip demand.