CYTOTOXIC PROPERTY AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM WHITE TUMERIC (CURCUMA ZEDOARIA)

• Main Author: SARASWATY (NIM : 20510006); Pembimbing : Prof. Dr. Yana Maolana Syah, VIENNA
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/17503
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cancer is a deadly disease. World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 15 people out of every 100,000 people in the world suffering cancer. The high cost of cancer treatment using chemotherapy and radiation methods, where the total <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> economic burden per patient could reach Rp. 1-3 M, has encouraged the community to use traditional medicinal plants, which the bioactivity is still uncertain. Curcuma zedoaria (Zingiberaceae) is one of popular herbal medicine, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> which are often used by communities in Indonesia and Asia for cancer treatment. Several studies have reported that the rhizome of this plant has bioactivity as anticancer, antimicrobial, hepatoprotector, antinflammation, and others. n-hexane extract of this plant showed antimicrobial activity against both bacteria and fungi. Phytochemical study of this plant revealed that it contains terpenoid, i.e. seskuiterpenoid and diterpenoid, also curcuminoid and flavonoid. Class of terpenoid is the major compounds from rhizome of this plant. More than forty terpenoids had been characterized from this plants but bioactivity report from the compounds which had been isolated and characterized still limited. Based on the background above, this study aimed to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites i.e. terpenoid compounds from acetone extract of rhizomes of C. zedoaria. Isolation process of secondary metabolites from acetone extract of was performed using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) followed by planar centrifugal chromatography (PCC) at stage of purification yielded four <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> compounds which can be characterized. Determination the molecular structure of the four compounds, using spectral data of 13C NMR, 1H NMR, DEPT, HMBC, HSQC, and HMQC, appointed that the structures are curcumenol (CZ-1), 5- <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> hydroxy-7(11),9-guaiadien-8-one (CZ-2), curdione (CZ-3), and dehydrocurdione (CZ-4). Compound CZ-1 and CZ-2 classified as guaiane type sesquiterpene, while compound CZ- 3 and CZ- 4 are germacrane type. Using SciFinder software established that compound CZ- 2 is a new compound. Cytotoxic properties against P-388 murine leukemia cells using MTT assay method from acetone crude extracts, compound CZ-1 and compound CZ-4, showed that at concentration of 100 (mu)g /ml, could inhibit the activity of murine leukemia cells P-388 by 110.04%, 97.23% and 96.92% of inhibition respectively, while at the same concentration compound CZ- 3 only inhibited about 81.95% of cells activity. The results of IC50 calculation, using Origin 8 software, revealed that IC50 of compound CZ-1,CZ- 3 and CZ-4 are in equal to 57.4; 61.1, and 43.8 &#956;g / mL. Based on the IC50 values, the cytotoxic properties of compound CZ-4 is determined as the highest among the three of compound tested. By comparing the structurse and IC50 calculation from cytotoxic properties against P-388 murine leukemia cells suggested that the presence of double bonds owned by the compound CZ-4 at position of carbon C-7/C-11 has positive influence on the cytotoxic properties of germacrane type sesquiterpen compound against P-388 murine leukemia cells. Testing of antimicrobial activity of compound CZ-1 showed that the compound only active against one pathogenic fungi i.e. Candida albicans at concentration of 5% w/v. In summary, the rhizome of C. zedoaria contains compound CZ-1 to CZ-4, compound CZ-4 is the most active against P-388 murine leukemia cells among others isolated compounds, and compound CZ-1 has bioactivity as antifungal.