#TITLE_ALTERNATIVE#

• Main Author: SITI NURHIDAYAH ( NIM: 90511301 ) Pembimbing : Dr. Ciptati, M.S., M.Sc., ENUNG
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/18405
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia as a tropical country has a variety of plants that can be used as <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> medicine. One of them is Piper crocatum which empirically known as a cure for <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> diabetes, hypertension, breast cancer, inflammation, hepatitis, hemorrhoid, cough, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> gastritis, and for curing wounds. Some researches has shown that Piper crocatum <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> extract contains alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and essential oils. The need <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> of antibacterial agent rises as bacterial disease is getting more common. The use <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> of synthetic antibacterial agent has bad side effect; it builds up residues inside the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> consumer’s body, which then makes bacterial resistance against the substance. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Therefore alternatives need to be found, which are preferrably eco friendly, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> natural, cheap, accessible, safe, and effective. Some researches have shown <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> antibacterial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activity of Pipe crocatum extract, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> although there hasn’t ben any report of the active compound. In this research, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> isolation of secondary metabolites has been conducted using extraction and <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> column chromatography method. Extraction was done by sonication using ethanol <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> for 30 seconds, then was fractioned using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Three of <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> the fractions were qualitatively analysed for flavonoid, terpenoid/steroid, tannin, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> saponin, and phenolic class of compound. Then the ethyl acetate fraction was <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> separated using column chromatography, with silica gel as stationary phase and a <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate (6/4) as mobile phase, then 10 fractions <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> were collected. Further purification was done on combine fraction (number 5-8) <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> using column chromatography with a mixture of n-hexane and acetone (8/2) and <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> pure compound was found in fraction number 8-14, with the amount of 10,5 mg. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Identification of the compound was done using AlCl3 reagent (5% w/v) inside <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> methanol as Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) staining agent, and then was analyzed using UV, IR, 1H- NMR, 13C- NMR, HSQC, HMBC and COSY <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> spectroscopy. Antibacterial activity was then tested on Escherchia coli and <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Staphylococcus aureus using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) analysis. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The extract of Piper crocatum, based on phytochemical test, was found to contain <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> flavonoid, terpenoid, tannin, and phenolic compounds. A compound was isolated <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> from ethyl acetate fraction and was identified as neolignan of phenolic compound <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> wih molecular formula C25H32O8, named 1–allyl-3,5-dimethoxy-7-methyl-oxo- <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 6(3,4,5trimethoxyphenyl)bicyclo[3,2,1]oct-2-en-8-ylacetate. Antibacterial activity <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> test showed minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.23 mg/mL for Staphylococcus <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> aureus and 6,2 mg/mL for E. Coli. Crude extract of the sample was found to have <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> a stronger antibacterial activity, with minimm inhibitory concentraion of 0,077 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> mg/mL and 2,05 mg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and E. Coli respectively.