#TITLE_ALTERNATIVE#

• Main Author: FATMAWATI (NIM : 20511031) PEMBIMBING : Prof.Fida Madayanti Warganegara,PhD;Dr. Made Puspasari, FENTI
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/18477
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Increasing agricultural production on the other side have a negative impact on the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> environment in the form of waste. Livestock waste can be a waste of livestock <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> raising operations, cattle slaughterhouses, and processing of livestock products. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> One method of processing animal waste is by composting. The composting <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> process is a process that converts organic material into a more stable material <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> containing humus through the thermophilic stage. The composting process has <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> four main phases, namely the initial mesophilic phase, thermophilic phase, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> mesophilic phase and the final phase of cooling or maturation. This study aims to <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> determine the dynamics of the activity of several enzymes such as &#945;-amylase, <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> cellulase, xylanase, and lipase and identification of potential bacterial producing <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> alfa amylase, cellulase, xylanase and lipase during catlle manure composting <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> process. Based on morphological differences, a number of single colonies were <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> obtained, which are : 11, 6,7,5 and 5 colonies for phase 1 to phase 5 respectively. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Based on the screening results shown that the &#945;-amylase on phase 1 has the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> highest activity due to decomposition of starch by amylase simpler compounds. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The decomposition process is also seen as a result of cellulase enzymes. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Hydrolyze cellulose contained in the compost into glucose and oligosaccharides. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Cellulase enzymes in phase 1 and phase 2 showed fairly high activity and began <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> to decline and reach steady phase at phase 3 to 5. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Xylanase enzyme activity in phase 1 showed fairly high activity. But lower when <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> compared to the activity of amylase. In phase 2 and 3 xylanase showed very low <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> activity when compared with other enzymes. In phase 4 no xylanase enzyme <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> activity detected. While in phase 5 of xylanase activity is return back. Xylanase <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> enzyme activity in the early phase of this enzyme is quite high due to the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> decomposition of the compost do with overhauling hemicellulose into xylose. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Lipase activity in phase 1 showed the lowest compared to the activity of other <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> enzymes. While in the second phase lipase activity tends to rise and stable at <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> phase 5. Lipase activity was increase in the increasing temperature due to the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> increasing number of thermophilic microorganism. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> xi <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Five potential bacterial colonies were selected to represent each phase were <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> selected for further identification. Identification using rybotyping analysis, which <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> base on 16S gene sequences. F1C bacterial colony is in phase 1, phase 2 F2C <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> bacteria, bacterial F3A in phase 3, phase 4 F4C bacteria and bacterial F5A at <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> phase 5. The fifth potential bacteria that have DNA chromosomes a size of 20,000 <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> bp. The isolated chromosomal DNA was subsequently used as a template in the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> PCR process to obtain the full gene of 16S rRNA. The results showed that the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> PCR amplification process has been successfully carried out since the size of the <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> DNA obtained is 1500 bp. BLAST analysis toward PCR fragment sequences and <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> phylogenetic analysis using MEGA 5 is known that bacteria F2C has 91% <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> similarity with Bacillus vedderi. Bacteria F3A has 93% similarity with <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Ureibacillus thermosphaericus. Bacteria F4C has 94% similarity with <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Paenibacillus naphthalenovorans. While bacteria F5A has 98% similarity with <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Viridibacillus arenosi.