THE INFLUENCE OF ENDOPHYTE MICROBIAL INFECTION OF QUININE CONTENT ON Cinchona ledgeriana Moens. and Cinchona succirubra Pavon et Klot. BARK AND LEAVES

• Main Author: FEBRIYOSSA (NIM: 20615008), ADELIA
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/20714
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cinchona spp. is one of medicinal plant producing secondary metabolite such as quinine as defense system. Other than defense system, quinine also used as antimalarial drug. It takes time to harvest quinine from Cinchona’s tree bark and not much yield could be obtained, so effort are made to enhance quinine content more quickly by adding biotic elicitor to manipulate biosynthesis secondary metabolite process. One of biotic elicitor used to induce quinine metabolite formation is endophyte microbe which isolated from Cinchona’s leaves tissue, barks and roots. Biotic elicitor addition method is expected to stimulate more and faster quinine metabolite production. The research started by isolate endophyte microbes from leaves, barks and roots, then continued with isolate screening based on necrotic area to obtain selected endophyte microbes for in vivo phytochemical test. Next, characterization protein profile were done to understand extracellular protein generated from interaction between selected isolate and Cinchona plant and molecular selected isolate identification. In total, 43 endophyte microbes isolate (23 fungi and 20 bacteria), then after screening process, BK A1-2 founded as selected endophyte microbe with the highest percentage necrotic area (37,5%). From phytochemical test using several treatments to C. ledgeriana dan C. succirubra tree bark, scratch-exposed-bacteria (CBB) and scratch-exposed-salicylic acid (CAB) treatments were the best treatment to enhance quinine metabolite production for C. ledgeriana as much as 4% and 10%. C. succirubra for 6% and 20%, respectively. Both species, no quinine metabolite detected from its leaves after induced by endophyte microbes. An interaction between selected isolate and Cinchona plant resulted to different protein band with molecular weight of 33 kDA. Selected endophyte bacteria isolate which able to enhance quinine metabolite production on Cinchona’s tree bark was identified as Bacillus mycoides.