ISOLATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL TEST OF SECONDARY METABOLITE FROM ROOT WOOD ARTOCARPUS FRETESSI

• Main Author: NORA (NIM : 20514028), ADRI
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/20774
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Artocarpus is one of the plant that belongs to Moraceae family which spreading in South Asia, Papua Nugini, South Pasific and including Indonesia. Artocarpus is one of main genus and has the most diversity in Moraceae family. In Indonesia, Artocarpus is discovered in Sumatera, Bangka, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. In Ethnobotany, this plant is widely used for malaria drug, dyssentri medicine, and skin medicine. Previous studies have reported that Artocarpus consists of secondary metabolites such as prenylated flavonoids, calkon, stilben, arylbenzofuran, and triterpene. Artocarpus was known to have many bioactivity, such as antibacterial, antimalarial, antiHIV, etc. Artocarpus fretessi Hassk or locally known as “Maumbi” or “Kelembi” is a jack fruit plant which is an endemic species from South Sulawesi and one of species from Artocarpus genus. In this research, the isolation of secondary metabolites from wood roots of Artocarpus fretessi was conducted by maceration method using methanol as solvent. The extract separation was conducted with hexane and ethyl acetate as an eluent in a ratio of 9:1, 7:3, 6:4, 1:1, 3:7, and 100% ethyl acetate, using liquid-vacuum and radial chromatography technique. The purification was conducted with an eluent that has many polarity variation, using radial chromatography technique. Based on the method used, there are three known flavonoid derivatives identified and isolated, which are cudraflavone C, mulberine, and mulberochromene and one known steroid derivatives, which is β-sitosterol. Determining the structure of secondary metabolite was done by using spectroscopy analysis such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D-NMR. These flavon compounds undergo substitutions with isoprenyl (C5) substituent on carbon 3 (C-3) and carbon 6 (C-6), which then undergo cyclization forming a ring of pyran. This steroid compounds undergo oxidation reaction in alcohol group to ketone. It is known that Artocarpus has two subgenus which are, Pseudojaca and Artocarpus. The secondary metabolite produced from Pseudojaca is more modest than Artocarpus. The discovery of secondary metabolite in Artocarpus fretessi can provide clue that this plant can bridge the kinship between Pseudojaca and Artocarpus. From antibacterial test, cudraflavone C againts B.subtilis and S.dysentriae is active with MIC 3,125 mg/L in which chloramphenicol as a comparison has MIC 6,25 mg/L and the MBC values was obtained from cudraflavone C to B.subtilis is 50mg/L, so that can be concluded that the compound is bacteriostatic. Afterwards, mulberochromene againts S.dysentriae is active with MIC 3,125 mg/L in which chloramphenicol as a comparison has MIC 6,25 mg/L. In conclusion, there are three flavon derivatives, which is cudraflavone C, mulberine, and mulberochromene, that are substituted by prenyl and one steroid derivatives, which is β-sitosterol from wood roots of Artocarpus fretessi. Afterwards, from antibacterial testing was obtained that cudraflavone C is active againts B.subtilis and S.dysentriae whereas mulberochromene againts S.dysentriae is active too.