ENZYMATIC PRODUCTION OF NANOCELLULOSE FROM OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH WITH CRUDE CELLULASE OF TRICHODERMA SP.

• Main Author: AMELIA (NIM : 10413029 ), CINDY
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/21522
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Nanocellulose is a biopolymer which growing across the wolrld because it’s renewable, degradable, and has outstanding physical properties. Nanocellulose can be obtained from algae, bacteria, and lignocellulosic biomass. Indonesia as the 2nd largest palm oil producer in the world also produce mass ammount of lignocellulosic biomass that has potential to be used for producing nanocellulose, which is palm oil empty fruit bunch (POEFB). Although nanocellulose production can be done in physic or chemical ways, enzymatic hydrolysis proved to be efficient, ecofriendly, and low energy, hence good to be done. Therefore, this research aim to produce nanocellulose enzymatically with variable of enzyme ammount and incubation period. Method in this research consists of delignification, and nanocellulose production. In delignification process Marasmius sp. grown in POEFB with growth medium for 28 days, and then cleaned and dried. Nanocellulose production begins with cryocrushing pre-treatment, enzyme addition, and post-treatment with sonication. In enzyme addition, crushed POEFB suspended in sodium-citrate buffer and added with various percentage of crude cellulase enzyme from Trichoderma sp. which is 50%, 100%, and 200% (v/w), followed by incubation in various period which is 2, 3, and 4 days. Maximum nanocellulose size distribution obtained in 2, 3, and 4 days incubation period is as followed: 30, 717, and 70 nm in addition of 50% (v/w) enzyme; 94, 75, dan 635 nm in addition of 100% (v/w) enzyme; 837, 51, dan 433 nm in addition of 200% (v/w) enzyme. Nanocellulose yield counted as total size distribution below 100 nm, with almost 100% yield achieved from variation of 50% (v/w) enzyme and 2 days incubation period. Therefore, it is concluded that variation of 50% (v/w) enzyme ammount and 2 days incubation period produced nanocellulose with best size and yield of nanocellulose