Hybrid Coal: Effects of Composition and Copyrolysis Retention Time in Low Rank Coal and Biomass Waste Copyrolysis Process on the Product̉̉s Yield
Coal is one of the largest energy sources in Indonesia. However, most of them are classified as low and medium rank coal which has low calorific value so it is inefficient to burned directly. In the other side, Indonesia has abundant resources of biomass. Biomass can be used as more environmentally...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/22413 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | Coal is one of the largest energy sources in Indonesia. However, most of them are classified as low and medium rank coal which has low calorific value so it is inefficient to burned directly. In the other side, Indonesia has abundant resources of biomass. Biomass can be used as more environmentally friendly alternative fuel compared than coal. Low rank coal upgrading into a more efficient and environmentally friendly fuel can be done through copyrolysis with biomass into a fuel called hybrid coal. The purpose of the research is to determine the effects of biomass composition and copyrolysis retention time to the hybrid coal yields. This study uses low rank coal and sawdust as feedstocks. Copyrolysis process conducted in a vertical tubular fixed bed reactor in an inert condition with atmospheric pressure and temperature set at 300oC. Inert condition achieved by flowing nitrogen gas into the reactor with a flowrate of 1.6 L/minutes. Biomass mixing composition is varied at 20, 30, and 40% from the total weight of the mixture. Copyrolysis retention time varied at 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Hybrid coals are characterized by proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, calorific value measurement, and calculation of un-neutral carbon dioxide (CO2) emmision reductions. Increase in retention time of copyrolysis from 30 to 90 minutes causing an increase in calorific value of 12.57-23.80%, or 23,688-26,053 Joule/gr. From the proximate analysis results, fixed carbon content rise with the increase of co-pyrolysis time. The highest fixed carbon content obtained in the variation of 90 minutes, in the range of 49.36-49.75%. Increasing of sawdust composition from 20 to 40%, lowering the calorific value in the range of 0.58-8.55%. Eight from nine samples of hybrid coals successfully upgraded to bituminous coal based on its calorific value calculation. From theoretical calculation, hybrid coals produce lower un-neutral CO2 emission in the range of 22.63-44.35%. |
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