UTILIZATION OF KRAFT LIGNIN AS SUBSTITUTE MATERIAL OF RESIN AND PARTS OF SILICA FOR FILLER IN VULCANISATE SUV

• Main Author: Sonna Martuah Purba , Louis
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/22921
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Black Liquor is a by-product of pulp and paper mills and it is considered as a hazardous material that has the potential to pollute the environment. In 2012, from 1260 pulp and paper mills surveyed by IEA Bioenergy, the amount of black liquor produced reached 163 million tons per year. Black liquor consists of lignin, hydroxy acids, formic acid and other extractives. Lignin is a component of black liquor which has the largest composition constituting about 46% dry weight of black liquor. Lignin is the second most abundant natural polymer after cellulose and is the most abundant aromatic polymer on earth. Currently, lignin is widely used for various applications, such as adhesives, fuels, UV stabilizers, surfactants, dye agents, polymer additives, carbon fiber precursors, bioplastics, and as fillers on tires. In this study, lignin was applied as filler and also as resin in tire vulkanizate to reduce rolling resistance which can improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle. This research produces lignin isolated from kraft black liquor waste with 90.54% purity, ash content of 0.25% and volatile as much as 38.43%, and particle size of 6.2 ?m. The modification of lignin as a substitute of silica for filler also enhances the processing ability of the compound, improves all mechanical properties of the tire except stiffness, and improves rolling resistance (10%) as well as heat build up (14.9%), but needs to be improved in terms of friction and abrasion. Modification of lignin as resin decreases the overall processing capability of compound, ductility, aging and friction resistance but improves hardness, stiffness, tensile strength, rolling resistance (15.3%), heat build up (16%) and abrasion (4.7%). The test result indicates that lignin has enormous potential to be used as filler in vehicle tires.