THE ROLE OF THE CITY GOVERNMENT IN THE HANDLING OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE SUSTAINABLE MINING AGAIN BEFORE THE ACT NO. 23 THE YEAR 2014 (Case Study of Mining Without Gold Permits in Poboya Village, Mantikolore District, Palu City, Central Sulawesi)

• Main Author: AMIRUDDIN (NIM: 21314005), MUHAMMAD
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/23194
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

This study aims to analyze the impact of mining on biological, physical-chemical, and social aspects in Poboya and to analyze the role of Local Government in handling the environment on unlicensed mining at Poboya. The methods used to analyze the impact of mining are biological aspects using vegetation analysis and plankton abundance analysis; Physical-chemical aspects by calculating soil mercury content (Hg) and calculation of pollution index on water; social aspect calculation done by using the Likert scale. While the method used to analyze the role of government with the descriptive method with a qualitative approach. <br /> <br /> <br /> The results showed that the impact of mining at the study site has undergone changes in Biology, Physical-chemical, and social society. <br /> <br /> <br /> Biological changes of forest vegetation analysis results indicate that there has been a loss of tree-level plants and poles on post-mining land. In addition, there has been a loss of Ficus sp plantation on post-mining land which is a plant with the highest INP. The mine also resulted in decreasing the number of plant species, in pre-mining areas totaling 15115 species of plants/ha, while on post-mining land only 9680 species of plants/ha. Results of index analysis the diversity of Poboya river water plankton shows that in the upstream section belongs to the medium polluted category that is in the range of 1.0-1.5. While on the downstream including the category of heavy pollution that is in the range 1.0-15 <1.0. The plankton uniformity index (E) shows upstream and downstream including the stable category in the range of E> 1. The result of dominance index analysis (D) shows that the type of plankton in the upstream area and that is D = 1. This means that there is a type that dominates other types. <br /> <br /> <br /> Physical-chemical changes seen from soil mercury contents indicate that the mercury content of the soil has exceeded the critical limit of 0.3-0.5 ppm. The content of soil mercury on the settlement land is 0.7784 ppm. While in the area of mercury mixed plantation content and paddy field is 0.9916 ppm and 1.1788 ppm. The mercury content in the area is relatively high because it has exceeded the critical limit. While the content of mercury (Hg) is highest in the area near the processing which is an open area overgrown with wild plants in the form of shrubs and shrimp workers residence of 4.06 ppm. The high content of mercury in the field is due to soil sampling conducted near the processing area of Poboya gold. In addition, the pollution index (Pollution Index) calculation results are in accordance with "Ministerial Decree No. 115 of 2003 on Guidelines on the Status of Water Quality, using a comparison of pollution index relationships "indicates that there had been physical and chemical changes in river water upstream and downstream. The result of the pollution index analyst between the upstream pollution index value ranges from 0.003 to 0.81 with an average value of 0.268 (0 &#8804; Pij &#8804; 1.0). This indicates that in the upstream area of Poboya River is still considered good condition. While the pollution index in the downstream area has increased with an average value of 1.22 (1.0 <Pij &#8804; 5.0). This indicates that downstream Poboya is classified as mild contamination. The results of community social analysis are in the range of 26-50 (not good). So it can be concluded that the public perception of the implementation of people's mining policy in the category is not good. This means that people can not accept the policy well. The existence of this perception can be an obstacle to the implementation of the policy. This means that people can not accept the policy well. So the need to improve the quality of socialization of the people's mining policy to the mining community. <br /> <br /> <br /> The results of the content analysis of Palu City Local Regulation Number 3 of 2011 on People's Mining indicate that the articles discussing government obligations in environmental inventory are not listed in Palu City Local Regulation. Given the importance of the inventory as a guideline for the people's mining plan, to regulate the mining activities of the people to conform to the above Law. In addition, it does not contain articles that describe environmental economic instruments in order to preserve the environmental function in the regions, both instruments of development planning and economic activities, environmental financing instruments as well as incentive and/or disincentive instruments. Though environmental economic instruments are not less important and a complement of existing instruments, such as AMDAL instruments, UKL-UPL, permissions, and so forth. Based on this matter, it can be concluded that the Local Regulation of Palu City No. 3 of 2011 on People's Mining there are several articles that are not in accordance with the above regulation namely the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 The year 2009 on the Protection and environmental management. The inappropriateness of the stipulation of the Regional Regulation with the Laws and Regulations affects the implementation of the policy. This non-conformity of this form may be the reason for the review so that the rules made do not violate the basic principles in the state and in accordance with applicable legislation. <br /> <br /> <br /> Stakeholder analysis results can be concluded that the stakeholders have different effects and are in an undue position. The mismatch of those influences and interests encourages interdependent behavior, thus impacting the failure to achieve the objective of the implementation of the People Mining policy of preserving the environment that should be the common goal of the stakeholders. <br /> <br /> <br /> The results of the implementation analysis concluded that each Stakeholder has not performed its role in accordance with its authority as written in the Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2011 on the Mining of the People. The City Government should perform its role according to the Local Regulation. So that the protection and management of the environment can run well. Roles that have not been run by the City Government greatly affect the performance of miners as the organizer. This resulted in Palu City Local Regulation No. 3 of 2011 on the Mining of People related to Poboya Gold Mining far from the achievement of goals. Should be in the implementation of a policy that is directly related to the community should be made various efforts to convey the contents of the goals and objectives of the Regional Regulations. Based on this it shows that the stakeholders have not clearly demonstrated their commitment to environmental management. In addition, the Municipal Government has not been able to demonstrate its commitment and ability in environmental handling in the Poboya mining area. <br /> <br /> <br /> The results of needs analysis indicate that the unclear status of the WPR, the presence of powerful actors as the backing miners, the lack of supervision of the authorities, and the weak enforcement of the law led to the emergence of mining without permission. It needs to be done in the form of the need to integrate the environmental permit and clarity of WPR in the form of the common map of each agency. To avoid local employment competition and reduce the number of people impacting social inequality, migration control needs to be done from other regions. In addition, the claim of land ownership becomes the constraint of the Municipal Government in disciplining the PETI, it is necessary to create a business entity or community association to tidy up the mining business system as an effort to minimize individual ownership and need to make guidance for coping and recovery efforts.