The Effect of Aeration Rate in Bubble Column Bioreactor on Growth Rate and Phytochemical Content from Shoot Culture Gaharu Plant (Aquilaria mallacensis)

• Main Author: MUHAMMAD RIZKI (NIM : 11213005), RIFKI
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/23982
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Gaharu is a trade name of a non-wood product produced by several species of gaharu-producing trees specified in Appendix II of CITES. The purpose of this research is to optimize the aeration rate in bubble column bioreactor to obtain gaharu plantlet. One of the way to produce gaharu seedlings (Aquilaria malaccensis) in an effective and efficient technology is to propagate shoot culture of gaharu by in vitro culture. Shoots were initiated and cultured in semisolid MS medium, followed by acclimatization on thin layer culture before cultivation in bioreactor. Shoot culture of gaharu was cultivated in bioreactors by variation of aeration rate 0.05 vvm and 0.1 vvm. The parameters measured in this study were shoot dry weight, amount of sucrose consumption, changes in conductivity value, phytochemical content and medium properties (density, viscosity and surface tension). The results showed that the acquisition of dry biomass on a bioreactor with a 0.1vvm aeration rate was 0.42 gram while the dry biomass at the bioreactor with a 0.5 vvm aeration rate was 0.39 grams. The results showed that the aeration rate influenced the superficial velocity of gas holdup, and the growth rate of specific biomass. The efficiency of conversion of sucrose to biomass by gaharu shoots was more than 85%. Gaharu shoot contained gaharu commerce compound, phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -, ethyl oleate, stigmasterol, triacontane, phytol, acetate, henicosane, and pentatriacontane.