THE EXTRACTION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS FROM GERMINATING SEEDS OF JATROPHA (Jatropha curcas) AND KAPOK (Ceiba pentandra)

• Main Author: Taufik Nugroho - Nim: 13012010
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/24482
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Biohidrocarbon is one of renewable liquid fuel that can substitute fossil fuel. It can be produced through decarboxilation or hidrogenation of free fatty acid (FFA), therefore providing FFA as raw materials for biohidrocarbon production becomes important. Nowadays FFA is produced through the hydrolysis of vegetable oils/fats with the help of lipase enzim as catalyst, however lipase is expensive and it can’t be recovered in the process. Research about FFA production from germinating oilseeds through selective extraction can provide affordable and promising method to produce FFA. The purpose of this research is to determine the FFA content on germinating oilseeds through selective extraction method. The steps in this research are as follow: germination of the oilseeds, oil extraction from the seed, FFA extraction from the seed sample, extract purification, oilseeds pressing, acid value analysis, and saponification value analysis. The variation of seeds that will be used are kapok (Ceiba pentandra) and jatropha (Jatropha curcas), while the variation of solvents are acetone 70%-b and methanol 95%-b. Sampling of germinating seed is conducted everyday since its germination process. The results show that solid-liquid extraction (leaching) can produce extract with higher selectivity and yield of FFA compared to liquid-liquid extraction from pressed-seed oil. Highest acid value of Jatropha seed is achieved at the second day of germinating process through leaching with methanol 95%-w solvent which reaches 97,6 mg-KOH/gsample, while highest acid value of Kapok seed is achieved at the second or third day of germinating process through leaching with methanol 95%-w solvent which reaches 37,92 mg-KOH/g-sample. Methanol 95%-w solvent can produce extract with higher selectivity and yield of FFA compared to acetone 70%-w, however acetone 70%-w produces extract with higher yield compared to methanol 95%-w.