Method of Making Base Soaps of Divalent Metals Having Excellent Decarboxylation Character

• Main Author: Shofiy (13014019), Muhammad Bachrul Ulum Cipto Prawiro (13014028) , Abdurrochman
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/24914
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify">Through literature study, basic soaps of divalent metal having excellent decarboxylation characters has been defined as basic soaps with molecular formula, <br /> mCa(OH)2.(1-m)Mg(OH)2.Zn(OOCR)2 , 0 <m < 1, RCOOH = saturated fatty acids <br /> <br /> The optimal value of m can be found by examining the mole ratio of iso-alkanes to normal-alkanes in the liquid decarboxylation products (has to be > 0,2 and, most preferably, close 1). The objective of the research proposed hereis to obtain an efective method for preparing the aforementioned basic soap through the investigation of completeness of direct reactions between mixed hydroxide mCa(OH)2.(1-m)Mg(OH)2.Zn(OH)2 with saturated triglycerides in candidate solvents : acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and 3-pentanone, as disclosed by Akers et.al. (1984). The saturated trigllycerides shall be prepared using the fractionation method disclosed by Aktiebolaget Separator (1952) and the mized hydroxydes mCa(OH)2.(1-m)Mg(OH)2.Zn(OH)2 will be prepared via copresipitatin at a pH of 10,6. The result of this research conclude that the best solvent for making soap is by using methyl ethyl ketone solvent with the reaction time of 5 hours. The bigger value of µ (Ca) will give smaller yield of metal base soap. In decarboxylation products, the greater value of µ (Ca content) will give impacts: the greater the yield of liquid products; the smaller C8-C11 fraction; the larger C16-C20 fraction; alkene’s fraction’s presentage is getting smaller; iso-alkanes fraction’s presentage is greater; and yield of C15 fraction is getting bigger. The value of µ (Ca content) is optimum (seen from the ratio of i-RH / RH) obtained at the value of µ = 0.35 with a value of i-RH / RH ratio of 47.04%.<p align="justify"><br />