THE EFFECT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON PATCHOULI ALCOHOL CONTENT AND YIELD OF ACEHNESE PATCHOULI (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) OIL OF SIDIKALANG VARIETY

• Main Author: Janno Ajiputra (Nim : 11214008), Adeltama
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/24968
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia’s patchouli oil industries hold a massive portion of global market share yet occasionally the oil qualities are below the standard due to the low patchouli alcohol content. Research has been done in order to evaluate the drought stress effect on biomass yield, oil yield, and patchouli alcohol content. Patchouli cuttings were acclimatized for one month prior to the experiment. The treatment was devided into various level of drought stress: 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% of water holding capacity respectively within 12 weeks of experiment period. The growth of patchouli plant was measured by both, fresh weight and dry weight, and by height in each week. Steam distillation was selected to obtain oil yield and Gas Chromatograpy – Mass Analysis (GC-MS) was selected to analyze the oil compounds. The highest oil yield was obtained in the control plants or at the level of 100% water holding capacity in which the rate of specific growth and doubling time were 0,12 week-1 and 5,9 weeks respectively. On the other hand, the highest oil yield and patchouli alcohol content were obtained in plants treated within 50% drought stress level or 50% water holding capacity in the number 6,35% and 27,33% respectively and so the number of oil productivity increased up to 151,338 kg/ha.year. The main oil compound were patchouli alcohol (27,33%) azulene (16,50%), α-guaiene (12,99%), seychellene (7,66%), and α-cedrene (5,50%). This result showed that drought stress could decrease the rate of specific growth. However, it could optimize the productivity in which the oil yield and patchouli alcohol content increased.