TOWARD SYNTHESIS OF IOHEXOL AS CONTRAST AGENTS TO MONITOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER CELLS BY RADIOLOGICAL METHODS

• Main Author: PRATIWI PUTRI (NIM:10514010), ALLYSA
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/25394
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health's Research and Development Agency and Target <br /> <br /> Population Data, the Indonesian Ministry of Health's Pusdatin, the prevalence of cancer in all ages in <br /> <br /> Indonesia in 2013 was 1.4% or estimated at 347,792 people. Approximately 12.7 million cancer cases and <br /> <br /> 7.6 million cancer deaths are estimated to occur in 2008, with 64% of deaths occurring in developing <br /> <br /> countries. Therefore, at this time it is needed detection device for cancer that is directly specific to the <br /> <br /> target cells and at least to the cells is not the target so that the treatment given is more maximal and <br /> <br /> precise. One of the developments regarding detection devices for cancer is the use of contrast agents. <br /> <br /> Contrast agents are compound used to improve visualization of internal structures in a medical diagnostic <br /> <br /> imaging. Iohexol are non-ionic monomer compounds that contain iodine and belong to a class of drugs <br /> <br /> known as contrast media or dyes. Iohexol consist of substituent benzene ring by three iodine atoms and <br /> <br /> three acetamide. Synthesis of iohexol precursors was carried out through amine coupling reaction using <br /> <br /> the MAOS method and iodination reaction that continued with the amine coupling reaction. Amine <br /> <br /> coupling reaction of dimethyl 5-aminobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (1) produces compound 5-amino-1-N,3- <br /> <br /> N-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)benzene-1,3-dicarboxamide (2) with the yield of 38.46%. Iodination reaction <br /> <br /> of compound dimethyl 5-aminobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylate (1) produces compound 5-Amino-2,4,6- <br /> <br /> triiodo-isophthalic acid dimethyl ester (3) with the yield of 47,72%. Amine coupling reaction of <br /> <br /> compound 5-Amino-2,4,6-triiodo-isophthalic acid dimethyl ester (3) produces compound 5-Amino-N,N'- <br /> <br /> bis-(2,3-dihydroxy-propyl)-2,4,6-triiodo-isophthalamide (4) with the yield of 48.78%. Synthesis product <br /> <br /> of the amine coupling reaction was purified by preparative TLC while the synthesis product of iodination <br /> <br /> reaction was purified by column chromatography. Pure product were characterized by 13C NMR and 1H <br /> <br /> NMR.