SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM Colletotrichum phyllanthi, AN ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM STEM OF Physalis peruviana: THEIR ANTIBACTERIA TEST AND EVALUATION OF MEDIA CULTURE

• Main Author: PRATIWI - NIM : 20516015 , AMELINDA
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/25450
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify">Endophytic fungi is a microorganism that grows in plant tissue without giving a direct negative effect for its host. Mutualism symbiosis between fungi and its host as well as the fermentation condition provide a great influence in the process of secondary metabolites production by endophytic fungi. Studies about secondary metabolites exploration of endophytic fungi derived from medicinal plants have been widely reported and show that the resulting secondary metabolites have excellent activity. One of medicinal plants which commonly used in traditional treatment is cecendet or Physalis peruviana. The exploration of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi of this species has never been reported before. Therefore, this research aims to isolate and identify endophytic fungi from stem of P. peruviana, isolate and elucidate the secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi, evaluate the effect of three different culture media (Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB), Murashige Skoog (MS) and Triptyc Soy Broth (TSB)) to the formation of secondary metabolites and determine their antibacterial activity. The isolastion endophytic fungi from stem of P. peruviana was performed through sterilization, inoculation and repeated subcultures until single isolate was obtained. Single isolate of endophytic fungi then was identified molecularly. The endophytic fungi was then cultivated using PDB and TSB media for 14 days at 27 °C until the MeOH and EtOAc extract was obtained from the endophytic fungal mycelia and the cultivation medium respectively. Secondary metabolite isolation was performed by various chromatographic methods such as vacuum liquid chromatography, column gravity chromatography and radial chromatography. In the final stages of this research, extracts and pure compounds isolated were tested for antibacterial activity against two Gram-(+) bacteria (Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and two Gram -(-) bacteria (Citrobacter freundii and Salmonella enterica). Based on those methodology, the endophytic fungi Colletotrichum phyllanthi was successfully isolated from P. peruviana. Four secondary metabolites namely ergosterol (1), ergosterol peroxide (2), tyrosol (3) and uridine (4) were isolated from the MeOH and EtOAc extracts cultivated with PDB culture medium. Another secondary metabolites, 1-chloronaphthalene-2-ol (5), was obtained from EtOAc extract cultivated with TSB media. The structure elucidation of pure compounds is based on the 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The results of the antibacterial assay of all extracts and secondary metabolites with amoxicillin standard (MIC ± 6,64 &#956;g/mL), shown the value of MIC >500 &#956;g/mL and &#8805;100 &#956;g/Ml respectively. This data indicates that all the isolated compounds and extracts are inactive as antibacterials. It is concluded that two steroid compounds, one amino acids derivative of tyrosin, nucleoside and naphtalene derivative succesfully isolated from the two culture media. The difference of culture media can affect the production of secondary metabolites of C. phyllanthi.<p align="justify"> <br /> <br />