ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT AFFECTING TUBERCULOSIS PREVALENCE ON HUMAN SETTLEMENT CASE STUDY: KEBUMEN DISTRICT, CENTRAL OF JAVA

• Main Author: FITRI SATWIKASARI NIM : 25212015, ANGGANA
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/25579
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify">Indonesia ranks third on the list of countries with the highest Tuberculosis (TB) cases in the world (WHO, 2013) with 700,000 cases found in 2012 and mostly discovered in rural settlement. TB dissemination is influenced by the interrelationship of TB bacteria, humans as the host, and environment quality (Gordon, 1916). It means, the quality of one of these parameters could affect the quality of other parameters. In other words, physical environment with bad quality - which consists of houses as well as its surrounding environment - and poor human health quality may enhance the likelihood of TB in human settlement. According to previous studies, there are several indicators and variables related to physical and non-physical factors that influence the spread of TB. This study aims to determine the effect of environmental physical quality on TB dissemination in human settlement. In the process, this study assesses and identifies the relationship between physical and non-physical indicators of environment factors that are indicated as the influential factors of TB dissemination. The factors' identification was based on literature study which result was used standard reference for the assessment. Survey and direct measurement were conducted in Kebumen on houses of TB patient selected through the local "Balai Pengobatan Paru-Paru (BP4)" to assess both physical and non-physical variables. The obtained data were analyzed by distributive, correlative, and regressive analytical methods. TB prevalence data was classified into 3 categories that were adjusted to the type of data for each analysis process, they are period categories of TB patients registered in BP4 Kebumen as nominal data, the duration of TB patient registered in BP4 Kebumen (in months) and the percentage of TB patient in a house. The first set result from the analysis showed that 58% of the total TB patients in Kebumen are male, 96% are > 20 years old, and 58% work as non-private jobs, in addition to housewives and farmers. The majority of respondents do not have regular habits frequently found in similar case in other regions, but 66% of them do not go outdoor oftenly and 56% still intensively interact with other occupants. 98% of the residential use brick-wall, 70% has tiled and cement floors. 92% houses have broadper- soul &#8805; 10 m2 /individu, 90% has more than 60 m2 of land, 70% has KDB values &#8805; 60%. As for ventilation and lighting indicators, the result shown that more than 60% of the buildings’ air intake openings percentage are below the standard, more than 70% of the houses don't have proper lighting intensity which is &#8805; 2%. Moreover, 98% of the buildings’ humidity exceeds the standard or resulted over than 60% and 74% of the buildings’ temperature scale &#8805; 300C. The results of the correlative and regressive analytical proved there are some indicators that have a relationship with TB prevalence, such as residential density, especially broad-per-soul (r: -0.47; Rsquare: 0.22), daylighting system in particular the percentage of WWR (r: 0 , 33; Rsquare: 0.11), humidity (r: 0.21,) and temperature (r: 0.27). The conclusions from the analytical process could be used to formulate residential design criteria which can suppress the prevalence of TB. Hopefully this research could become a real contribution in society, further research, and also improvement in the future living environment.<p align="justify">