#TITLE_ALTERNATIVE#

• Main Author: Soraya Nim : 10714047, Elisabeth
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/26910
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Nosocomial Infection or HAI (Hospital-Acquired Infection) is an infection caused by the exposure from microorganisms present in a hospital or other healthcare facility to a patient that is currently suffering from other disease or illness that is not the infection, and one of the examples is bacteremia, which is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. Bacteremia can be caused by many kinds of bacterias, such as Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Nosocomial bacteremia is usually being treated with antibiotics, such as vancomycin and tetracycline. But there are some problems that should be considered, such as uncontrollable side effects and the risks of bacterial resistance due to the long time antibiotics usage. One of the proposed solutions that are still being developed is treatment using antibacterial compounds derived from plants. The aims of this research are to determine the antibacterial activity of sappan wood (Caesalpinia sappan L.) ethanol extract; guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves ethanol extract, and the combination of both extract towards Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The extraction was done by reflux method with ethanol 96% as the solvent. Against Staphylococcus aureus, the MIC and MBC value of sappan wood ethanol extract were 128 &#956;g/mL and 256 &#956;g/mL respectively, while the MIC and MBC value of guava leaves ethanol extract were 1024 &#956;g/mL dan 2048 &#956;g/mL respectively. And against Bacillus subtilis, the MIC and MBC value of sappan wood ethanol extract were 256 &#956;g/mL and 256 &#956;g/mL respectively, while the MIC and MBC value of guava leaves ethanol extract were 1024 &#956;g/mL dan 2048 &#956;g/mL respectively. For both types of bacteria, tetracycline HCl was used for the reference, and the MIC and MBC were <1 &#956;g/mL and <1 &#956;g/mL. The characteristic type shown by the combination of both extracts was done by four methods, which are filter paper disc method, filter paper ribbon method, checkerboard microdilution method, and time-kill curve turbidimetric method. Based on the results from all methods, it could be concluded that the characteristic shown by the combination was additive type, which means the combination effect was the sum of antibacterial effect shown by each single extract.