THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZER AND DROUGHT STRESS ON THE OIL QUALITY AND EX VITRO GROWTH OF PATCHOULI (POGOSTEMON CABLIN BENTH.) USING MICROPROPAGATION SEEDLINGS

• Main Author: Ainusyifa (11214018), Fathia
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/27201
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia is the biggest patchouli oil exporter, but its quality is still very low with <br /> <br /> the alcohol patchouli content less than 30%. The objective of this research was to <br /> <br /> determine the effect of phosphate fertilizer and drought stress towards biomass <br /> <br /> growth, patchouli oil acquisition, and alcohol patchouli content. Patchouli <br /> <br /> seedlings were obtained by micropropagation techniques through initiation and <br /> <br /> shoot subculture, followed by root induction using the thin layer culture (TLC). The <br /> <br /> experiment was conducted in 12 weeks in a screen house with the addition of <br /> <br /> phosphate fertilizer 0,2 g/polybag and 0,4 g/polybag, and the watering was given <br /> <br /> with 50% and 100% field capacity daily. The growth of patchouli was analysed <br /> <br /> according to the height and weight of the plant every week. Patchouli oil extraction <br /> <br /> was done with steam distillation method within 7 hours. Analysis of patchouli oil <br /> <br /> constituent used a Gas Chromatography-Mass Analysis (GC-MS). Drought stress <br /> <br /> increased oil recovery and additional phosphate fertilizer increased the alcohol <br /> <br /> patchouli content at the leaves. Treatment of phosphate fertilizer 0.2 g/polybag with <br /> <br /> 50% drought stress resulted in the optimum growth with the highest oil recovery <br /> <br /> (4.995%), its growth rate was 0.0142 days-1 and doubling time of 48.8432 days. <br /> <br /> Oil yield of 3.646% (b/bk) and high quality oil (PA=30.55%) was obtained by <br /> <br /> treatment of phosphate fertilizer 0.4 g/polybag with drought stress 50%, and <br /> <br /> patchouli oil productivity was 206.3 kg/ha.year. The main constituents of patchouli <br /> <br /> oil were patchouli alcohol (30.55%), &#948;-guaiene (18.03%), &#945;-guaiene (14.87%), <br /> <br /> germacrene (7.76%), seychellene (7.76% ), &#945;-patchoulene (5.37%).