Phylogenetic Analysis Using ITS2 and Analysis of ACS1 and ACO1 gene fragment between Tongka Langit (Musa troglodytarum L.) in Galunggung and Maluku

• Main Author: STEFANI (NIM : 10614039), GIASINTHA
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/27515
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify"> Tongka Langit or Fe’i banana (Musa troglodytarum L.) is a banana cultivar which has the T genome with unique and distinct characteristics compared to other banana cultivars. The fruit stem grows straight upward and has a very high content of beta-carotene and therefore has the potential to be developed as an alternative food. It is known that in Indonesia, Fe’i bananas only grow and spread around the region of Maluku islands and Papua. However, curiously one of them was also found in the mount Galunggung area and thus raised the question of its origins in that area. The objective of this study was to understand the genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and those from the Maluku islands. Genetic variance analysis was done using ITS2 DNA marker, the ITS-2 region is known to be used to discriminate the species. In addition, this study also compared the partial gene sequences of ACS1 dan ACO1 that take the role as ethylene synthesis. In addition to Tongka Langit also analyzed other banana cultivars as a comparison. The method used in this research consisted of several steps which were: DNA isolation, PCR using ITS2, ACS1, dan ACO1 primers, sequencing, alignment, and bioinformatic analysis. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed 3 ingroups (Group 1 consisted of the banana cultivars that have the BB, ABB, AAB, dan AB genomes, group 2 consisted of the banana cultivars that have the AA dan AAB genomes, group 3 consisted of the banana cultivars that have the AAA and ABB genomes), and Tongka Langit either from Galunggung or Maluku belongs to a different group from other banana cultivars with other genomes (AA, BB, AAB, ABB, AB, AAA). From the comparison of the partial sequence of ACS1 and ACO1 genes of Tongka Langit originated from Galunggung and Maluku, there was no nucleotide distinction (the similarities reach 100%). In conclusion, based on the ITS2 marker, the Fe’i banana was far relationship to other banana cultivars with different genomes, while based on the ACS1 dan ACO1 genes, there was no difference in base sequences between Fe'i bananas originated from Galunggung and Maluku. <p align="justify">