DROP-IN FUEL PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF GREEN-DIESEL AND JET FUEL TYPE VIA CATALYTIC THERMAL DECARBOXYLATION OF BASIC SOAP BASE ON MAGNESIUM AND TRANSITION METAL COMBINATION

• Main Author: FREDRIK NEONUFA NIM: 33013003, GODLIEF
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/27562
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Drop-in fuel synthesis test for green diesel derived from stearic magnesium soap and jet fuel derived from C12/C16 ester metil Mg-Zn soap by thermal catalytic decarboxylation has been studied. Approximately 94% by weight of green diesel and 43% by weight of bioavtur have been obtained in both experiments. A further review of the method of synthesis of drop-in fuel via basic soap decarboxylation, primarily to select the two- and three-valence transition metals the most effective to be supplied with magnesium metal for prepare the basic soaps and has the best catalytic performance at the soap decarboxylation, has been studied as well. <br /> <br /> Zn/Cu/Fe metals (mole ratio 4: 4: 4) with Mg-Al metal mixture to form combination of metals Mg0,82Zn0,04Cu0,04Al0,06Fe0,04 with ratio of two and three valence metals is 9: 1, has been shown be effective for preparing the basic soaps and has the best catalytic effect for soap decarboxylation to be green diesel and jet fuel. Decarboxylation of basic soaps derived from palm stearin with a combination of metals according to the above-mentioned ratio, which is carried out at temperatures up to 350oC and atmospheric pressure for 5 hours, gives a liquid biohydrocarbon yields of 57.77% weight (to theoretical weight) and selectivity about 83.86% toward the green diesel fuel. Whereas, the basic soap decarboxylation derived from C12/C14 methyl esters, gives a liquid-biohydrocarbon yields of about 40.92% weight and selectivity of about 96.58% for the jet fuel. <br /> <br /> Accurate evaluation of the type and molar ratio of metals supplied with magnesium metal, with expectation to increasing fuel yield and selectivity to main products as well. The combination of metals according to the formulation Mg0,78Zn0,20Cu0,01Fe0,01 has been found as the best mixture of metals for preparing the basic soaps and the most effective for decarboxylating the soap into a drop-in fuel. For example, with the basic soap derived from palm stearin, the decarboxylated product gives about 64% weight of the liquid biohydrocarbon (compatible with green diesel), or about 6.23% higher than the yield of the biohydrocarbon produced by the prior metal molar ratio (Mg0,82Zn0,04Cu0,04Al0,06Fe0,04). <br /> <br /> Based on the Mg0,78Zn0,20Cu0,01Fe0,01, formulation the development of the process to obtain the most effective temperature range for the basic soap decarboxylation has been done. Approximately 68% weight of liquid biohydrocarbons, with 98% mole is green diesel produced via decarboxylation of Mmixstearin basic soaps at temperatures up to 370oC. Whereas, about 75% weight of liquid biohydrocarbons, with 95% mol is jet fuel produced via decarboxylation of the basic soaps derived from Mmixcoconut oil at temperatures up to 380oC for 5 hours. The mechanism and reaction kinetics of the basic soap decarboxylation reactions have been studied with the palmitic acid model compounds. The results show that long-chain liquid biohydrocarbons compatible with green diesel have been produced according to the primary reaction pathway. Decarboxylation of basic soaps derived from palmitic acid takes place according to first order kinetics, with an Ea value of 150 kJ/mol and highest k value is 6.9 × 10-3 min-1 at 370°C.