INCREASING YIELD OF GRAPHENE FROM PALM OIL WASTE AS SUPERCAPACITOR ELECTRODE

• Main Author: Febrianty Sukmana, Ira
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/28105
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify">The production of palm oil in Indonesia is increasing every year. Along with the increase in production, the waste generated by the palm oil mill is also increasing. Waste from the production of palm oil can be used as raw material for high value added products. One of the product that can be made from oil palm biomass waste is graphene. <br /> <br /> Graphene is a planar sheet of sp2 bonded carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. Due to its excellent electrical conductivity and high theoretical surface area, graphene has very promising applications in nanoelectronic components and nanocomposites including transistors, lithium ion batteries and supercapacitor. Graphene from biomass could be produced by pyrolysis method. Pyrolysis is a thermochemical decomposition of organic material in lack of oxygen. This research will be focused on increasing the yield of graphene production from palm oil waste with catalyst FeCl3 and activating agent ZnCl2. The method that will be used in this research is two stage pyrolysis with variation of activating agent composition and temperature at the first stage pyrolysis followed by second stage pyrolysis at 900°C. <br /> <br /> This research has confirmed that two stage pyrolysis method is able to increase the yield of graphene from EFB and PKS. Yield of graphene reached 90% at the first pyrolysis temperature of 350?C with a ratio of ZnCl2: biomass 2: 1. Graphene produced from pyrolysis of empty palm oil bunches has a surface area of 190-880 m2 / g, while graphene produced from palm kernel shells has a surface area of 76-760 m2 / g.<p align="justify">