SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM THE SEEDS OF GANDARIA (BOUEA MACROPHYLLA) AND THEIR CYTOTOXITY AGAINST MURINE LEUKEMIA P-388 CELLS

• Main Author: WIJAYA NIM:20515040, JEFRY
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/28243
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify">Indonesia is the country with the second highest biodiversity in the world. One third of the plants in Indonesia are efficacious as medicines but and the report on phytochemical studies and their biological activities are still limited. Bouea macrophylla is one of Indonesian medicinal plants known as 'gandaria'. Gandaria leaves or fruits that have been used to treat febrile illness, eye pain, lack of appetite, syphilis and hypertension. The previous studies have reported qualitatively the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the stem bark of B. macrophylla using staining reagent. However, there was no reports of chemical evaluations including isolation of secondary metabolites and bioactivity examination of B. macrophylla seeds. Therefore, in this research the phytochemistry study of seeds of B. macrophylla has been conducted to be expected to obtain information about secondary metabolites and their bioactivity as anticancer by conducting cytotoxicity assay against murine leukemia P-388 cells. The gandaria seeds were collected from the island of Ambon, Maluku. The isolation of secondary metabolites included the extraction of B. macrophylla seeds using methanol, continued by separation and purification of its secondary metabolites through several chromatographic techniques including thin layer chromatography, vacuum liquid chromatography and gravitational column chromatography. The characterization of structures of the isolated compounds was performed based on NMR 1D (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and NMR 2D (HSQC and HMBC) spectroscopic data. From the methanol extract of B. macrophylla seeds, five isolates have been obtain that were identified as six compounds. Four isolates were pure compounds identified as gallic acid, methyl gallate, linoleic acid, and methyl linoleate and one isolate was a mixture of compounds m-methyl and p-methyl digalate (2: 1). Four compounds belong to gallic acid group and their derivatives, i.e. gallic acid, methyl gallate, m-methyl digalate and p-methyl digalate. Those six compounds were firstly isolated from B. macrophylla. Moreover, the methanol extract of B. macrophylla seed and the isolated compounds have also been examined for their cytotoxic activity against murine leukemia P-388 cells using MTT assay method. The result showed that three samples, methanol extract of B. macrophylla seed, gallic acid, and methyl gallate were active against murine leukemia P-388 cells with IC50 values of 3.93; 2.92; and 0.33 &#956;g/mL, respectively.<p align="justify">