Effect of Biodelignification by Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Shade Drying Pretreatment of Melaleuca cajuputi Powell Leaves on Lignocellulose Content, Yield, Chemical Composition, and Productivity of The Essential Oil

• Main Author: ANANTA PRATAMA BANGUN (NIM : 11213037), JOVI
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/28335
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

This research was conducted to find the effect of shade drying and <br /> <br /> biodelignification on the lignocellulose content, essential oil yield, composition, <br /> <br /> and productivity from Melaleuca cajuputi Powell leaf. Treatment used in this <br /> <br /> research are leaf condition (“fresh leaf” (AR, as received); “dry leaf” (SD, shade <br /> <br /> drying)) and time of biodelignification (0,4,8,12,16 days), so there are 10 treatment <br /> <br /> variation used: (AR-0, AR-4, AR-8, AR-12, AR-16, SD-0, SD-4, SD-8, SD-12, SD- <br /> <br /> 16). The optimum degradation was found on HWS (AR and SD) (44,44%) and <br /> <br /> lignin (only AR) (16,75%) content. The effect of shade drying on lignocellulose <br /> <br /> content related to biodelignification occured easier through the activity of fungi on <br /> <br /> “fresh” leaf rather than “dry” weight. Essential oil yield of control treatment (AR- <br /> <br /> 0, SD-0) was found greater than treatment using biodelignification. However, the <br /> <br /> increase of essential oil yield was still found on “fresh” leaf (24,32%) (AR-4 to AR- <br /> <br /> 12) and “dry” leaf (54,94%) (SD-8 to SD-16) treated with biodelignification. <br /> <br /> Generally, in this research it was found that the effect of shade drying on the <br /> <br /> increase of essential oil yield was insignificant. This phenomena is caused by <br /> <br /> difference of leaf density used inside the distillation feed flask between treatment <br /> <br /> using biodelignification and without biodelignification. The main compound found <br /> <br /> in the essential oil is 1,8-cineole (SD-4: 37,71%), followed by the other compounds, <br /> <br /> such as &#945;-terpineole, &#945;-terpineole acetate, trans-caryophyllene, &#945;-humulene, &#946;- <br /> <br /> eudesmol, d-limonene, viridiflorol, &#945;-thujene, &#945;-terpinolene, &#945;-terpinene, &#947;- <br /> <br /> terpinene. Using the highest essential oil yield on this research (AR-0), it was found <br /> <br /> that the optimum essential oil productivity is 408 kg/ha/year.