#TITLE_ALTERNATIVE#

• Main Author: ANDIKA FIRMANSYAH (NIM : 15310024), MUHAMMAD
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/29121
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Produced water is an oil and gas exploration by-product. Produced water has larger quantity than lifted crude oil or natural gas. It contains both organic and anorganic <br /> <br /> compounds which are harsh to the environment. Orgganic matters are represented by chemical oxygen demand (COD). Global produced water have the average value of COD up to 1.220 mg/L. Several produced water management methods are injection, discharging to the environment, and recycling for industrial needed. Injection is relatively a cheap alternative since produced water is pumped into a formation. However, a lot of formations are unable to be injected a large quantity of produced water. Oil and <br /> <br /> gas explorations which are located above those formations have other alternatives, discharging to the environenment or recycling it. Discharging produced water have to <br /> <br /> comply the effluent standard in Ministry of Environment Regulation 19 year 2010 or the specific local regulation. The highest concentration COD of effluent in the average <br /> <br /> regulation is 200 mg/L. The physical, chemical, and biological treatments are able to remove organic matter in produced water. Biological treatment has advantages that it is cheaper and produce less sludge rather tham physical and chemical treatment. The purpose of this design is proposing the produced water treatment alternatives in oil and gas industries. The produced water quality data was the collection of Lembaga Afiliasi dan Penelitian Industri Institut Teknologi Bandung (LAPI ITB). The COD concentration was 1.456 mg/L and the effluent target is 150 mg/L. The everage flowrate was 5.600 m3/day snd the quantity relatively constant during 20 years the design period. The proposed alternatives are extended aeration activated sludge, sequencing batch reactor, aerobic aerated lagoon, and moving bed biofilm reactor. The biological kinetic parameters in this design are 4.97 per day maximum specific growth (&#956;m), 196.69 mg/L of half velocity constant (Ks), and 0.12 per day of endogenous decay coefficient (kd). The activated sludge design was preceded by the modelling of biomass concentration (X), <br /> <br /> substrate to microorganism ratio (F/M), and mean cells recidence time (&#952;c). The selection of alternatives is accorded to the analysis of treatment performance, operational aspects, and economic aspects. Extended aeraton activated sludge is the selected alternative since <br /> <br /> it has the highest score among others. This system is designed in completely stirred tank reactor, equipped by clarifiers, gravity thickeners, and sludge drying beds. This activated sludge will operate well in 2.100mg/L of biomass, 0.4 gCOD/gMLVSS·day of F/M, and 20 days of &#952;c. Extended aeration activated sludge need 15,587,000,000 IDR of investment and 5,152,000,000 IDR operational cost each year. This design is accompanied by technical drawing.