REPELLENT EFFECTIVITY TEST OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM CITRONELLA GRASS (Cymbopogon nardus L.), GINGER (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), AND BASIL LEAVES (Ocimum basilicum L.) AGAINST FRUIT FLY (Drosophila melanogaster)

• Main Author: NISRINE (NIM : 10613070), NIDA
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/29624
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is one of the vector insects of Bacteria Blood Disease on banana. In general, the effort made to control vector insects is to use synthetic insecticides but is considered less solutive because it causes pollutants. One alternative attempt is to use essential oils that are known to have the benefit of an environmentally friendly insect repellent. In this research, tested the effectiveness of repellent power of essential oils, ginger, and basil on fruit fly (D. melanogaster) at Entomology Laboratory of SITH-ITB, Bandung. The concentrations of essential oils used in this study were 0%, 25%, 50%, 70%, and 100% (Tween-80 emulsifiers). The study used a modified Tri-Arm Arena from the olfactometer. Each test uses 50 fruit flies aged 12-17 days. Observations were made by counting the number of fruit flies that approached essential oils on the Test Arm every 15 minutes until 150 minutes with the number of repetitions as much as 4 times. Observation consists of 2 stages namely; 1) determination of optimum concentration and 2) determination of effective duration. The observed results were analyzed using a non-parametric test (Kruskal-Wallis). The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the average number of flies visits on the test sleeves given essential oils (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with the test arm not given essential oil (0%). This shows the essential oils of citronella, ginger, and basil can be said to be effective as a fruit fly repellent. The effective concentration and duration with the optimum strength of each of the essential oils are as follows; citronella 75% - 135 minutes, ginger 50% - 90 minutes, and basil 50% - 105 minutes.