Biological Oxidation of H2S: Optimising Process Conditions for Commercial Sulphur Recovery Using Thiobacillus Consortia
<p align="justify">The existence of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in natural gas induces negative consequences on environment and health. Indonesia’s Environmental Law 7 of 2014 said that the acceptable H2S gas emission for gas and oil industries should be under 35mg/m3 (23ppm). Hence,...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/30357 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | <p align="justify">The existence of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in natural gas induces negative consequences on environment and health. Indonesia’s Environmental Law 7 of 2014 said that the acceptable H2S gas emission for gas and oil industries should be under 35mg/m3 (23ppm). Hence, H2S is oxidised to be elemental sulphur through sulphur recovery unit. Both thermal and chemical sulphur oxidation, such as Clauss and Liquid Redox Process, could not be implemented economically since most of Indonesia’s natural gas has lower percentage of H2S, which is below 5%. Biological oxidation, therefore, is the alternative with lower operating cost for that concentration. However, the yield of granular sulphur produced from this process can not be optimally achieved due to improper process conditions will lead to accumulation of sulphate, polythionate, polysulphide, and hydrophilic sulphur. The objective of this research is to study the effect of sulphide loading parameter: sulphide concentration and dilution rate towards biological sulphur recovery performance, conducted in laboratory-scale of biological sulphur recovery unit (BSRU). Variations of sulphide solution (NaHS) concentrations are 68, 136, and 204 ppm and of dilution rate are 0.08; 0.11; and 0.20 per hour. Other parameters’ profile including pH, sulphide decrease, biomass, redox potential, and alkalinity are also observed. The results suggest that the highest sulphide conversion is reached when: sulphide feed concentration 136 ppm and dilution rate 0.08 per hour. Settling-sulphur percentage is 50% and 70% at lower (below 8 mg/L.hour) and higher loading-rate (above 15 mg/L.hour), respectively. Average steady-state redox potential indicates range of -300 mV to -450 mV, portraying the stability of cell metabolism after perturbed by energy source depletion.<p align="justify"> |
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