Design of Household Solid Waste Treatment Device by Wet Torrefaction Process

• Main Author: Hanif Risqianto 13114103, Rheza
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/30397
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The production of waste in Indonesia increases by one million tonnes per year. The waste treatment system launched by the government has not been able to overcome the problems. In Bandung, 66% of waste is produced by households and up to 52% of the composition is organic waste. One of the solutions to this problem is the processing of waste directly to households, namely by using the wet torefaction method. <br /> <br /> Wet torefaction uses a water medium at high temperatures and pressures to provide thermal treatment to waste. The wet torefaction process takes place in a hydrothermal reactor. The temperature of the wet torefaction process for organic waste varies between 175-225 &#8451;, and the pressure reaches 25.48 bar. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reactor that is able to operate in these conditions safely. <br /> <br /> The design of the reactor in this final project was carried out with a pressure vessel design method which refers to the ASME Section VIII Division 1 code. The design conditions to be achieved in this design are 260&#8451; and 28 bar. The components designed include: shell, head, flange and cover. Energy requirements was calculated by using ANSYS Transient Thermal simulation with conduction approach. <br /> <br /> This design process includes determining the dimensions of each reactor components. Total volume of the reactor is 1.7 liter, with the nominal pipe size of 90 mm, width of 3.048 mm, and height of 222 mm. The reactor use vacuum as the insulation system. The design of the sealing system and instrumentation system in the reactor was also carried out. Estimation of the energy requirements to reach the process condition, such as 225&#8451; of temperature and remaining time of an hour, is 2.458,428 kJ. <br /> <br />