#TITLE_ALTERNATIVE#
The fungus Monascus sp. has traditionally been used to prepare red fermented rice <br /> <br /> (angkak) as a natural food colorant, food preservative or medicinal agent. <br /> <br /> Recently, it has become a popular dietary supplement due to many of its bioactive <br /&...
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| Format: | Theses |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/30864 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | The fungus Monascus sp. has traditionally been used to prepare red fermented rice <br />
<br />
(angkak) as a natural food colorant, food preservative or medicinal agent. <br />
<br />
Recently, it has become a popular dietary supplement due to many of its bioactive <br />
<br />
constituents such as monacolin compounds, pigments, and dimerumic acid, etc. <br />
<br />
These functional constituents also had been deemed to be provided with various <br />
<br />
health benefits. Monacolin K, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG- <br />
<br />
CoA) reductase inhibitor, can reduce cholesterol biosynthesis in human liver. The <br />
<br />
azaphilonoid pigments have exhibited antiinflammatory, antitumor and anticancer <br />
<br />
effect. The aim of this research was to find monacolin compounds with <br />
<br />
antihypercholesterolemic effect, Monascus pigment with anticancer effect on breast <br />
<br />
cancer, and predict their toxicity through in silico study. 14 monacolin compounds <br />
<br />
and 33 Monascus pigments were docked to receptors. HMG CoA reductase protein <br />
<br />
was used as antihypercholesterolemic receptor where as estrogen alfa, estrogen <br />
<br />
beta, and aromatase were used as anticancer receptors. The 3-dimensional <br />
<br />
structure of the receptors was obtained from the Protein Data Bank. AutoDock <br />
<br />
docking software was used to analyze structural complexes of the receptors with <br />
<br />
studied compounds. Toxicity prediction was done using ADMET predictor and <br />
<br />
QSAR Toolbox softwares. Toxicity prediction and docking results revealed that <br />
<br />
monacolin L acid exhibits good antihypercholesterolemic activity towards HMG <br />
<br />
CoA reductase; monascin pigment exhibits selective anticancer activity towards <br />
<br />
estrogen beta receptor; and both of them were predicted to be safe. Toxicity <br />
<br />
prediction of studied compounds showed that 7 monacolin compounds and 5 <br />
<br />
Monascus pigments are not toxic, 10 Monascus pigments have mutagenic <br />
<br />
properties, 4 monacolin compounds and 5 Monascus pigments have carcinogenic <br />
<br />
properties, 1 monacolin compound and 11 Monascus pigments have reprotoxic <br />
<br />
properties, and also 6 Monascus pigments have mutagenic, carcinogenic and <br />
<br />
reprotoxic properties. The research results could be useful for the design and <br />
<br />
development of the antihypercholesterolemic and anticancer. <br />
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