Tittle : Optimizing the Yield and Quality of Cajeput Oil (Melaleuca cajuputiPowell) with Fungal Biodelignification and Cellulose Degradation

• Main Author: I. Indira ( 11214020), Tjokorda
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/31345
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

This research was conducted to determine the influence of the lignocellulose degradation <br /> <br /> pretreatments of cajuput leaves (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) on the yield and cineole content <br /> <br /> of the produced cajuput oil. The variations were control (Kontrol), V-1 (biodelignification <br /> <br /> pretreatment), V-2 (biodelignification pretreatment followed by cellulose degradation <br /> <br /> pretreatment), and V-3 (cellulose degradation pretreatment). The biological agent used in the <br /> <br /> biodelignification pretreatment is P. chrysosporium while T. viride was used in the cellulose <br /> <br /> degradation pretreatment. The fractionation results showed that the most significant <br /> <br /> percentage reduction of lignocellulosic component occurred in V-3. The cellulose fraction in <br /> <br /> V-3 leaves was decreased by 55.8% as a result of the cellulose degradation by the <br /> <br /> extracellular enzymes (cellulases) produced by T. viride. The significant reduction of the <br /> <br /> lignocellulose component can decrease the cell wall retention so that the distillation process <br /> <br /> can occur more efficiently. This was confirmed by the increasing percentage of oil yield and <br /> <br /> cineole content of the oil produced by the distillation of V-3 leaves. The yield and the cineol <br /> <br /> content of the cajeput oil increased significantly, 139.3% and 23.7% more than the oil <br /> <br /> produced from the control leaves to be exact. This research shows that cellulose degradation <br /> <br /> pretreatment of cellulose with the fungus T. viride is the most potential pretreatment for <br /> <br /> increasing the quantity and the quality of cajeput oil (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) as it has <br /> <br /> the ability to produce enzymes in proximate room temperatures and has a wide range of pH <br /> <br /> for their growth. In addition, the average pellet size produced by T. viride after inoculation <br /> <br /> tends to be smaller so that it can be distributed more evenly when compared to P. <br /> <br /> chrysosporium’s pellet.