TSUNAMI HAZARD LEVEL STUDY ON AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN INDONESIA (CASE STUDY: I GUSTI NGURAH RAI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, BALI)

• Main Author: Haryani, Yosi
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/31783
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

The airport is an important infrastructure in areas that are currently showing a significant increase in use. This increase is caused by several things such as more effective and efficient time as well as reaching some far areas. The development of adequate airport infrastructure must consider disaster aspects, seeing as Indonesia is a disaster-prone area, and one of them is tsunami. A tsunami hazard assessment of 239 airports in Indonesia based on their classification has been done in this Final Project using the results of previous modeling. Based on the results of the study, there were 3 very high potential airports (1.25%), 2 high potential airports (0.83%), 3 medium airports (1.25%), and 6 low potential airports (2.51 %). The I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport was then chosen as a study area which had moderate tsunami hazard potential with a flow rate of 4.33 meters. This is because I Gusti Ngurah Rai Airport is a large airport (Type 4), and being an international airport and the busiest airport would cause severe damage and losses when hit by a tsunami. Therefore, numerical simulations are performed using 3 hypothetical scenarios namely Mw = 7.8, Mw = 8.3, and Mw = 8.8. This simulation uses COMCOT v.1.7 software, with a nested grid method and a simulation time of 3600 seconds. The results obtained were that the tsunami arrived at the airport area at 34.467 minutes to 35.967 minutes with a tsunami height of 2.123 - 2.197 meters, and continued to spread to all tsunami-submerged airport areas with a flowdepth of 0.1 - 3 meters for Mw = 7, 8, and 1 - 5 meters for Mw = 8.3 and Mw = 8.8. Also, there are 15 villages around the airport that have the potential to be affected by tsunami submergence with 11 villages potentially 100% submerged by the tsunami while the other 4 villages would be potentially submerged; Jimbaran at 30.58% submerged, Pecatu potentially submerged 16.32%, Ungasan potentially submerged 6.87%, and Benoa which has the potential to be submerged by 39.32% with a high immersion, which varies between 0.1-15 meters. Infrastructure at this airport can be categorized as tsunami risk into 3 categories from 4 existing categories; risk category II being runway, apron, and vehicle parking, risk category III being Pertamina avtur depot and rescue and firefighting service, and tsunami IV risk categories being the 2nd floor of the domestic terminal, 2nd and 3rd floor of international terminal, and air traffic control. The impact of the tsunami on the airport produced debris and rocks in large volumes, with debris types such as wooden poles, rocks, concrete debris, passenger vehicles, and aircraft.