Gum-Free Oil Exctraction from Calophyllum Inophyllum Seed

• Main Author: CIPTA WIJAYA (NIM : 13014078) - HARITS MAJIID (NIM : 13014089), YUDHA
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/31796
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

<p align="justify"> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Indonesia is a country rich in biodiversity as this country is exposed to sunshine throughout the year and has high level of rainfall. This condition is a good environmental condition for plants to grow. There are many types of plants that can be utilized, one of them is nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) plant. This plant has high fruit production rate, long productive period, and high oil content in the seed. This plant is a potential source of non-edible vegetable oil for producing chemical products such as alkyd resins, biodiese, and anti-HIV coumarins. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> In those chemical products production, crude nyamplung seeds oil needs to be purified first before the esterification and transfesterification processes are done. The purification process itself begins with the process of removing gums found in crude nyamplung seeds oil. The gums that need to be removed in the degumming process are phosphatides. These gums need to be removed as they increase the neutral oil loss, obstruct crystallization during the fractionation process, and clog the catalysts pores used in the esterification process. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> The purpose of this research is to extract the gums-free oil from nyamplung. This research is divided into three general steps, namely the seeds preparation, extraction process and characterization process. The preparation of the material is done by drying and reducing the size of the nyamplung to 8-16 mesh. The nyamplung seeds oil extraction will be done using Soxhlet method with n-hexane solvent. The type of acid solutions used for the degumming process are phosphoric acid solution and citric acid solution with variation of citric acid concentration 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% and phosphoric acid concentration 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 85%. The acid solution will be placed in the thimble and in the three-neck flask. The existence of activared carbon is varied on both acid solutions. The characterization stage is carried out by determining the amount of solid gums, acid value, iodine value, and saponification value. <br /> <p align="justify">