CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE MODIFIED WITH MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLY(3-AMINOPHENOL) FOR VOLTAMMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PARANITROFENOL

• Main Author: Michelle
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/32342
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Paranitrophenol (PNP) is a compound that is harmful to living things. PNP can cause irritation to eyes and skin, and respiratory disorders. PNP is also carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic. Unfortunately, PNP is widely used in industry as a raw material for making paint, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, explosives etc. Due to its toxicity, PNP determination in environmental samples becomes very important. According to US Environmental Protection Agency Guidelines on drinking water, maximum concentration of PNP in drinking water is 60 ?g/L. Therefore, highly sensitive analytical methods for PNP determination are needed. Several analytical methods have been developed for the determination of the PNP such as High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), UV-Vis spectrophotometry and spectrofluorometry. However, these methods have drawbacks such as complex sample preparation (require separation, extraction and adsorption), high cost, low selectivity, and long analysis time. Therefore, in this study we developed an electrochemical method for the determination of PNP. Electrochemical methods have several advantages such as short analysis time, simple procedure, good sensitivity and high selectivity. In this study, a carbon paste electrode modified with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) is developed to improve the sensitivity of PNP determination. Film of poly(3-aminophenol) containing PNP as target molecules was attached on the surface of Carbon Paste Electrode (CPE), from solution containing 3-aminophenol, PNP and acetate buffer pH 4.5 supporting electrolyte, using cyclic voltammetry technique (5 cycles) with a scan rate of 100 mV/s in the potential range of 0.2 V - 1.2 V. PNP removal from poly(3-aminophenol) matrix to produce MIP was studied in two ways. Firstly, the removal was conducted using cyclic voltammetry technique (30 cycles) with a scan rate of 100 mV/s in the potential range of -1.5 V - 1.5 V in acetate buffer pH 4.5 supporting electrolyte solution. Secondly, PNP was removed with solvent extraction technique using a stirred mixture of water: acetonitrile (97: 3) for 15 seconds. Repeatability test of the developed electrode resulted in RSD of 3.6% (n = 10). The calibration curves were studied in four concentration ranges, which are 0.1 to 1 ?M, 1-10 ?M, 10-100 ?M and 100-1000 ?M. The linearity of calibration curves was very good in each range and sensitivity of the measurement increased at low concentration. The detection limits obtained from the calibration curve was 0.148 ?M. Determination of spiked river water samples resulted in percent recovery of between 89.7% - 109.7% showing good accuracy of the method.