HARDWARE DEVELOPMENT OF SMARTPHONE-BASED ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION DETECTOR DEVICE TO PREVENT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

• Main Author: Syamsul, Alifah
• Format: Final Project
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik (Rekayasa, enjinering dan kegiatan berkaitan)
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/32348
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

A major part of cardiovascular diseases instances is caused by arteriosclerosis (the cumulation of fat and plaque) of which the precursor is the dysfunction of endothelial layer. Currently, there only exists invasive (using USG) or non-invasive but unaffordable (using endoPAT) endothelial dysfunction detection method. Therefore, this device is developed to detect endothelial noninvasively and affordably. The device is based on photopletismography (PPG) sensors and works using flow-mediated dilatation method to detect changes in volume in the user's bloodstream in reactive hyperaemia state. One measurement is 15 minutes long: the first 5 minutes is measurement of volume in normal blood flow, the next 5 minutes the blood flow in the non-dominant hand is inhibited using the cuff worn on the upper arm and pumped so that the blood stops flowing to the user's fingertips and induces the ischemic state, and the last 5 minutes the air pressure inside the cuff is suddenly removed to induce reactive hyperaemia state, whereby the entire cuff pumping arrangement is performed automatically by the microcontroller. Volume change in the user's bloodstream in reactive hyperaemia state is compared to in normal state–this would be the reactive hyperaemia index. The more the endothelial cells dysfunction, the smaller the reactive hyperaemia index is.