PHYTOCHEMISTRY STUDY OF JUNGRAHAB LEAVES (BAECKEA FRUTESCENS) AND THEIR CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY AGAINST MURINE LEUKEMIA P-388 CELLS

• Main Author: Amroini Wahyudi, Vritta
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/32352
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Indonesia has plants biodiversity that in can be used as traditional medicines. Jungrahab (Baeckea frutescens) is a plant belong to Myrtaceae family that has been used as traditional medicines in South China, Hong Kong, and Indonesia such as for malaria drug, fever, preventing arteriosclerosis, abdominal pain, colds, intestinal worms, facilitate urination, facilitate menstruation, snake venom antidote, rheumatism, and overcome fatigue. A number of compounds of terpenoids, phloroglucinols, chromone, chromanones, flavonoids, and biflavonoids have been isolated from jungrahab with several activies as an anti-inflammatory, inhibitor of oxidation of LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein), and inhibitor of leukemia L-1210 cells growth. However, the cytotoxic activity againts murine leukemia P-388 cells of secondary metabolites isolated from jungrahab leaves has not been studied yet. In this research, the isolation, structure determination, and cytotoxic activity assay againts against murine leukemia P-388 cells of the methanol extracts and isolates have been conducted. The leaves were collected from endemic areas of jungrahab in Indonesia, Bangka Island. The isolation method were using various chromatographic techniques including vacuum liquid chromatography, radial chromatography, and gravity column chromatography. Characterization of compounds based on spectroscopic data including IR, UV-Vis, and NMR (1H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC, COSY). The leaves powder (1,9 kg) was macerated with MeOH (3x24 hours) to produce MeOH extract (353 g). The MeOH then was separated three times (@ 20 g) using vacuum liquid chromatography to give 12 main fractions (A-L). The separation of C fraction (0.6 g) by recrystallization technique yielded baeckeol (245 mg) while separation of H fraction (3.9 g) and I fraction (1.9 g) gave 6,8-dimethyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (12.9 mg) and 6-methyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside (5.4 mg). In addition, separation of E fraction (1.7 g) produced BF-EE1 (4.7 mg) and BF-EE2 (6.5 mg) predicted as mixture of isomers. One compound, i.e 6-methyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside was suggested to be a new compound. Meanwhile baeckeol and 6,8-dimethyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside has been found in the same species. Baeckeol was phloroglucinol derivative that biosynthesized from acetate-malonate pathway. Besides that, 6,8-dimethyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside and 6-methyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside were flavonoid derivative biosynthesized from a combination of acetate-malonate and shikimic pathways. The cytotoxic activity assay against murine leukemia P-388 cells showed that the MeOH extract of jungrahab leaves was active with IC50 19.6 ?g/mL. In addition, baeckeol, 6,8-dimethyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside, and 6-methyl kaempferol-3-O-rhamnopyranoside were inactive with IC50 10.9 ?g/mL, 44.1 ?g/mL, and 41.4 ?g/mL.