IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES OF EXTRACT OF VARIOUS PARTS OF CINNAMON PLANT(Cinnamomum burmanni, Nees Ex Bl.) AS AN ANTICOLORECTAL CANCER

• Main Author: Herdwiani, Wiwin
• Format: Dissertations
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Farmakologi dan terapeutik
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/32809
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Cinnamomum burmanni or cinnamon has pharmacological activities as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-cancer. Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of death in the world after lung and breast cancer. IC50 value is common to demonstrate the cytotoxic activity in previous studies. While this study, not only IC50 value but also selectivity index data was use to demonstrate the selectivity of active compound to cancer cell lines over normal Verro cell. It is necessary to develop an anticancer pharmaceutical preparation formula for oral administration The aims of this study were : i) to identify cytotoxicity index (IC50 Vero cells : IC50 WiDr cells) of plant extracts of various cinnamon plant parts. ii) to analyze the active igredient contained having the best cytotoxicity index. iii) to assess the anticolorectal cancer activity (in vivo) in mice model induced by azoxymethane. iv) to assess the safety of active ingredients, v) to get a colorectal anticancer formula given in orally. The extracts were obtained by maceration, while cinnamon oil was obtained by distillation. The cinnamon extracts and cinnamon essential oil were further fractionated to separate the active components based on their polarity. The observation of cytotoxicity index showed that cinnamon oil from the bark had the best, hence was subsequently tested in vivo experiments. The in vivo experiments used colorectal cancer model in mice. The Balb/C mice were divided into 4 groups of cancer and one healthy, control group. The cancer was induced by azoxymethane at the dose of 10 mg/Kg of bodyweight given i.p 4 times each week. The treatment group recieved either cinnamon oil at 30 mg/Kg, cinnamon oil at 60mg/Kg or 5-Fluorouracyl (5FU) at 10mg/Kg. The test preparation were administered for 4 weeks, before the mice were sacrificed for colon histological examination. The colon was weighed for organ index determination. Histological examinations were carried using HE and Alcian blue/HE staining. The acute toxicity test was carried out in 6 groups Balb/c mice that received cinnamon oil at 5000, 4500, 4000, 3500, 3000, and 2000 mg/Kg respectively. A vi group of healthy mice served as control. Behavioral observations were conducted before the administration of test subtance and 0.5; 1; 2; 4 and 24 hours after. Observation on body weight and mortality were conducted daily for 14 days. At the end of the test the mice were sacrifiecd and their organs were analyzed. The emulsion formula consisted of cinnamon oil of 2 g, 8 g syrup of simplex, 12 g of chicken eggs yolk, 0.02 g of methyl paraben and 100 ml of aquadest. First make a corpus emuls from cinnamon oil, and aquadest with chicken egg yolk as emulgator. The corpus emulsi are added piecemeal of simplex syrup, methyl paraben and aquadest gradually stirred homogeneously to a volume of 100 ml. Results showed that the best cytotoxicity index was cinnamon oil of the bark with index value 1,28. The active compound suspected of having the best cytotoxicity index was cinnamaldehide contained in cinnamon oil with levels 70.05%. Cinnamon oil at 60 mg/Kg was shown to have anti colorectal cancer activity (in vivo) in mice induced by azoxymethane. This anti-cancer activity was shown by the decrease in the number of nodules, and the increase in mucin excretion. Acute toxicity test showed that LD50 of cinnamon oil was 3704.083 mg/Kg in mice. Cinnamon oil may be prepared by pharmaceutical preparation of the emulsion to be administered orally.