Adsorption of Methylene Blue from an Aqueous Solution using Epichlorohydrin Modified of Rubber Seed Kernel
One of major problems of industrial wastes, which using dye, is the dyeing effluent. Methylene blue (MB) is a dye which is difficult to be degraded naturally because of its heterocyclic aromatic structure. Many treatment methods have been developed, however the cost of its operation is high. Ther...
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| Format: | Final Project |
| Language: | Indonesia |
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| Online Access: | https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/33107 |
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| Institution: | Institut Teknologi Bandung |
| Language: | Indonesia |
| Summary: | One of major problems of industrial wastes, which using dye, is the dyeing effluent.
Methylene blue (MB) is a dye which is difficult to be degraded naturally because of its
heterocyclic aromatic structure. Many treatment methods have been developed, however
the cost of its operation is high. Therefore, developing a cheap MB treatment method is
urgently required. This study aims to investigate the use of Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis)
Seed which was modified by epicholorhydrin and chemicaly activated with concentrated
sulphuric acid as a novel adsorbent to adsorb MB from an aqueous solution in batch
mode. Synthesis of the adsorbent was done by varying impregnation ratio and duration of
rubber seed with epichlorohydrin and concentrated sulphuric acid. Characterizations of
the rubber seed before modification, after modification, and after activation were done
with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Modified activated rubber seed was tested with fuction of pH, initial concentration,
contact time, and amount of adsorbent. In addition, the influence of the existence of
cationic intruder, which was Neutral Red, to the adsorption capacity of MB by active
epicholorohydrin modified rubber seed adsorbent, was investigated. Two models of
adsorption isotherm, which are Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm, were investigated to
describe the term when the adsorption proccess reach the equilibrium state. Kinetic
models used to interpret adsorption data were pseudo-first-order and pseudo-secondorder
models. The results of experiment showed that optimum modification occurred at
impregnation ratio of rubbber seed and epichlorohydrin of 1:6 (w/w) in 2 hours, whereas
optimum activation occurred at impregnation ratio of rubbber seed and concentrated
sulphuric acid of 1:6 (w/w) in 5 hours. The result of MB adsorption by modified-activated
rubber seed testing showed that optimum adsorption was reached at pH 12; MB
concentration of 800 ppm, equilibrium state was reached at 90 minutes of contact time,
and with 0.01 g adsorbents. The results of the kinetic study showed that the adsorption of
MB by the adsorbent could be described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Thermodynamic parameter data indicated that adsorption process of the adosrbent was
not spontaneous with the Gibbs free energy (?G) values are 0.779 kJ/mol at 25 °C and
descreased to -1.324 kJ/mol at 45 °C and -3.427 kJ/mol at 65 °C. Adsorption process
occurred endotermically with enthalpy (?H) value of 32.118 kJ/mol. In accordance to the
results, the value of entropy (?S) obtained was 105.164 J/mol with activation energy (Ea)
of 32.634 kJ/mol. |
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