MANUFACTURING CARBON MATERIAL BY CARBONIZATION OF CELLULOSIC PALM OIL WASTE FOR SUPERCAPACITOR MATERIAL

• Main Author: Hendriansyah, Reza
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Subjects: Teknik kimia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/33483
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

ABSTRACT MANUFACTURING CARBON MATERIAL BY CARBONIZATION OF CELLULOSIC PALM OIL WASTE FOR SUPERCAPACITOR MATERIAL By Reza Hendriansyah NIM : 23015032 (Chemical Engineering Master Program) Palm oil waste is abundant biomass resources in Indonesia that not fully utilized as raw material for producing high added value materials. One of the product that can be made from oil palm biomass is activated carbon. Activated carbon commonly used as adsorbents, catalyst support, and energy storage. Activated carbon characteristic with high porosity and good conductivity will produce, activated carbon suitable as supercapacitor electrode material. In this research focussed on the process of making activated carbon based on empty fruit bunch and oil palm shell. Activated carbon preparation consists of two main steps. The first step is carbonization and second step is activation. In general, carbonization process carried out by heating the biomass at temperature 300-650°C in absence of oxygen. This process is known as pyrolysis, the alternative process carbonization is hydrothermal carbonization where carbonization process is carried out in presence of water in self generated pressure reactor the temperature of the process lower than pyrolysis process. This research is focused on manufacturing of activated carbon from palm oil waste by hydrothermal carbonization. This research will investigated the effect of carbonization residence time and mass ratio of raw material and water on the activated carbon during hydrothermal carbonization. Activated carbon produced from empty fruit bunch have a surface area of 330 - 1181 m2 / gr, pore volume of 0.19 – 0.69 cm3/gr, and pore size of 2.1 – 2.3 nm. While activated carbon produced from oil palm shell have surface area of 8 - 451 m2 / gr, pore volume 0.05 – 1.064 cm3/gr, and pore size 2.9 – 20.7 nm. The crystallinity of the activated carbon obtained ranged from 46.5 to 51.9%. In this study the activated carbon is used as a working electrode on an asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor with nickel oxide being used as second electrode. This palm oil-based supercapacitor cell has a capacitance of 1.7554 F / g. Keywords: activated carbon, hydrothermal, biomass, supercapacitor