BIOLOGICAL, TECHNICAL, AND FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ZERO WATER DISCHARGE (ZWD) SYSTEM FOR WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaus vannamei Boone) URBAN AQUACULTURE APPLICATION

• Main Author: Muhammad, Harish
• Format: Theses
• Language: Indonesia
• Online Access: https://digilib.itb.ac.id/gdl/view/34371
• Institution: Institut Teknologi Bandung

Shrimp is the only fishery commodity which belongs to 10 main export commodities in Indonesia. Indonesia Shrimp production in 2014 was 623000 metric ton, which was dominated by white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) species. However, the shrimp production actually facing serious problem in its sustainability, due to the application of conventional culture system that is unpredictable, dependency of water sources, available culture spaces, and effluents which can pollute aquatic environment near the cultivation site. The application of zero water discharge (ZWD) system in urban aquaculture should be seriously considered as solution of the following problems. This research was aimed to analyze white shrimp production feasibility in urban area using ZWD system. This research was divided into six constitutive steps: (1) Instalation of ZWD system and acclimatitation of low salinity white shrimp post-larva (2) White shrimp cultivation using ZWD system in 5 ppt water salinity with three different stocking densities (200 ind/m3, 300 ind/m3, and 400 ind/m3) in 20 m3 pond (3) Biological feasibility analyses consist of production performance and water quality analyses, (4) Technical feasibility analyses, (5) Production scheme development for three distinct stocking densities with 1000 kg shrimp production scale, (6) Financial feasibility analyses. Based on production performance, the best treatment was achieved by 400 ind/m3 with value of survival rate, feed conversion ratio, and specific growth rate was 70.59+6.15%, 1.14+0.14, and 4.40+0.25 % BW/day, respectively and highest total biomass with value of 44.13+4.44 kg. Based on water quality performance, the best water quality was achieved by 200 ind/m3 treatment with pH range 7.61-8.27, DO ranged between 4.9-8.5 mg/L, temperature ranged between 29.3-30.1oC, NH4+ concentration ranged between 0-0.5 mg/L, NO2- concentration ranged between 0- vi 5.0 mg/L, and NO3- ranged between concentration 5.0 -30.0 mg/L. Based on technical feasibility analyses, the application of ZWD system in shrimp culture was feasible applied in north-coastal area of West Java Province with consideration of the easiness of water sources, proper biophysic condition and land topography structure, easiness of market acces and raw material supplier. Shrimp production operational was divided into six distinct units consisted of purchasing and inventory, water and waste water treatment, shrimp culture, harvesting, transaction and archieve, marketing and distribution units. Production assumption of 1000 kg shrimp/cycle requires 86 days, 2-3 human resources, and production area around 1000-1250 m2. Based on financial analyses, only 300 ind/m3 and 400 ind/m3 treatments which were financialy feasible, because of positive NPV Rp 47,593,537 and Rp 69,439,955, and higher IRR value 13.40% and 15.49% than discounted factor. Based on biological, technical, and financial analyses, the application of ZWD system in white shrimp production in urban aquaculture was feasible, especially with 400 ind/m3 and 300 ind/m3 stocking density treatments in north-coastal area of West Java Province, such as Gresik.